2021年机械超材料热点回眸

doi:10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.01.010

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摘要近年来，受益于3D打印先进制造技术和机器学习设计方法的快速发展，机械超材料的研究取得了卓越的成果，实现了一系列自然界罕见甚至不存在的反常规、反直觉的力学性能。与自然材料不同，机械超材料的性质主要来源于人工结构而非材料本身化学组分，故而具有巨大的设计空间。2021年，机械超材料领域涌现出了一批非常优秀的工作。从机械超材料的特异力学性能、智能化设计方法和基于增材制造的加工工艺3个方面回顾了2021年度的相关研究热点，重点关注了机械超材料与机器学习、模块化设计和3D打印制造工艺的融合。

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	吴玲玲
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关键词 ：机械超材料, 机器学习, 3D打印

Abstract：Inspired by electromagnetic metamaterials, mechanical metamaterials have been a focus in various fields. In recent years, benefited from the rapid development of 3D printing and automated machine learning designing methods, the mechanical metamaterials study has achieved a series of excellent results, enabling metamaterials to have unconventional and counterintuitive mechanical properties that are rare or even non-existent in nature. Unlike common materials, the properties of mechanical metamaterials are mainly derived from artificial structures rather than chemical components, which permits a huge designing space. This article reviews some relevant research highlights of mechanical metamaterials of 2021 in terms of unusual mechanical properties, intelligent design methods and additive manufacturing-based fabrication technology, in which the fusion of mechanical metamaterials and machine learning, modular design and 3D printing is focused and discussed.

Key words： mechanical metamaterials machine learning 3D printing

收稿日期: 2021-12-15

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目（52003203）

通讯作者: 周济(通信作者),教授,中国工程院院士,研究方向为超材料,电子信箱:zhouji@tsinghua.edu.cn E-mail: zhouji@tsinghua.edu.cn

作者简介: 吴玲玲,副教授,研究方向为具有特异力学性能的机械超材料及其智能设计,电子信箱:lingling.wu@xjtu.edu.cn

引用本文:

吴玲玲, 田小永, 李涤尘, 周济. 2021年机械超材料热点回眸[J]. 科技导报, 2022, 40(1): 161-167.
WU Lingling, TIAN Xiaoyong, LI Dichen, ZHOU Ji. Memorable sounds in mechanical metamaterial field in 2021. Science & Technology Review, 2022, 40(1): 161-167.

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http://www.kjdb.org/CN/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.01.010 或 http://www.kjdb.org/CN/Y2022/V40/I1/161

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