水平井是有效开发低渗透油藏的主要技术之一,研究水平井开发过程中的产水规律对于该项技术的成功应用具有重要指导作用。在分析常规数值模拟中处理裂缝存在缺陷的基础上,建立新的考虑裂缝的水平井数值模拟方法,研究裂缝与水平井筒不同夹角、裂缝条数、单翼缝长、导流能力等因素对水平井产量和含水率的影响。数值模拟研究结果表明,裂缝参数中对采出程度影响最大的为裂缝条数,其次为单翼缝长和导流能力。将该方法应用于水平井试验区,利用建立的模型对水平井井组的生产动态进行模拟分析,认为水平井含水率高的主要原因是水平井部分人工裂缝与注水井人工裂缝沟通。由此提出将部分水井关井或者封堵现有人工裂缝后重新压裂新裂缝的调整方案。调整方案进行现场应用,取得良好的增产效果。

Horizontal well is an important method for the effective development of the low permeability reservoir. The research of the water producing has important guiding significance to the successful application of this technology. Based on the analysis on the defects of handling the fractures by conventional numerical simulation method, a new method is established to handle fractures for the numerical simulation of horizontal well. The influence of angles between the wellbore and the fracture, fracture parameters including fracture number, single-wing length and conductivity on the production and water ratio was researched. The results of numerical simulation indicate that fracture number has the most significant influence on recovery which is followed by single-wing length and conductivity with respect to the fracture parameters. The present method was applied to the test area of horizontal well. The production performance of the horizontal well groups was simulated by means of the established method. It is shownd that the main cause for the high water cut is the connecting of the partial hydraulic fractures between the horizontal well and the injection well. Thus the new readjustment plan which recommends shut in partial horizontal wells or producing new fractures after plugging the existing hydraulic fractures was presented. The plan was applied to the production field and favorable response was achieved.