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A brief history of computer development in China |
TAO Jianhua1, LIU Ruiting2, XU Ke3, HAN Weili4, ZHANG Huaping5, YU Jian6, TIAN Feng7, LIANG Xiaohui8 |
1. Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2. College of Computer and Control Enginerring, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
3. Department of Computer Science and Technolgy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
4. School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;
5. School of Computer Science and Technolgy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
6. School of Computer and Information Technolgy, Beijing Jaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;
7. Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
8. School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China |
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Abstract: The paper presents a brief introduction to China's computer development and the related subject construction from the mid- 1950s. First, the paper systematically introduces the computer development history from the first generation computers using vacuum tubes to the transistor-based second generation, then to the small and medium-sized integrated circuit-based third generation, and finally to the microprocessors-based fourth generation. The domestically developed computer has made an important contribution to the national defense and scientific research, and promoted the development of computer industries. At present, many research directions of China's computer are in the forefront of the world, and some results have gained the international leading level. Meanwhile, the computer development in China presents a dynamic development trend. A series of new disciplines have been formed in China synchronously with the foreign developed countries. They are developing fast, and many of them have reached or even surpassed the international level. The paper focuses on the development of computer networks, computer security, databases, artificial intelligence, Chinese information processing, graphics & image processing, virtual reality, and human-computer interactions.
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Received: 30 May 2016
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