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  • Exclusive:Healthy urban and rural living environmen
    WANG Jiangbo, CHEN Tao, GOU Aiping
    Science & Technology Review. 2022, 40(22): 20-32. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.22.003
    As cities are faced with increasingly complex shocks and pressures, the construction of resilient cities has gradually become a practical choice and development trend for city managers to deal with increasingly severe compound disaster risks. Based on the "100 Resilient Cities" project (100RC), this paper systematically sorts out all Asian resilient city practice strategy texts published by the project, and summarizes different cities in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, and West Asia from three aspects:target vision, strategy content, and implementation framework. Based on the characteristics of resilience strategy arrangement, combined with the characteristics of big cities, general cities, and cultural cities, and taking communities as the starting point for resilience, this paper puts forward the experience and enlightenment that can be referred by China in the practice of resilient cities construction. This paper also explores the practice directions for the localization of constructing resilient cities under the background of globalization.
  • Exclusive:Healthy urban and rural living environmen
    YANG Wenyue, QIU Yuxin
    Science & Technology Review. 2022, 40(22): 33-42. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.22.004
    Biophilic city is an international frontier urban development model and planning concept, which can effectively solve the urban ecological problems under the background of rapid urbanization and high-density development, and make the city, humans, and nature live together harmoniously. Singapore is one of the leading and prominent practitioners of biophilic city planning and construction in the world. The planning experience is summarized from the aspects of city, community, and architecture:focusing on the construction of an urban ecological space system and developing a multi-functional green network; building multi-theme community gardens and promoting community participation; attaching great importance to the construction of urban aerial greening and creating a green urban landscape. In addition, it summarizes its innovative policies and mechanisms from the aspects of management organization, planning policy, evaluation system, public participation, and ecological accountability. On this basis, this paper puts forward the reference and inspiration for the development, planning, and construction of biophilic cities in China.
  • Exclusive:Healthy urban and rural living environmen
    Chen Chun, Yang Qinzhi, Li Yuanyuan
    Science & Technology Review. 2022, 40(22): 43-54. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.22.005
    With the rapid urbanization and motorization in China, road traffic accidents occur frequently. The improvement of built environment can effectively reduce the travel risk of pedestrians. However, at present, it draws little attention in China. Therefore, based on the existing literature and research, this paper systematically combs the related research on the impact of built environment on travel safety, and systematically reviews the research progress in this field from five aspects including urban development mode, density, land use, road environment and traffic management. This paper puts forward suggestions and prospects for the future study of built environment and travel safety in China, and appeals to urban planning academia to increase the research and attention on the impact of built environment on traffic safety.
  • Exclusive:Healthy urban and rural living environmen
    CHEN Sarula, CHANG Tianxin, YANG Yang, ZHANG Zhi, GUO Anni
    Science & Technology Review. 2022, 40(22): 55-65. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.22.006
    The thermo-activated building system (TABS), which is considered to be an important measure to achieve the goal of dual control of energy and carbon in buildings, can reduce the building load by injecting low-grade energy to form a thermal barrier. The proposed system is based on controlling the heat transfer temperature difference of the envelope. This paper presents the classification and evaluation methods of TABS, and systematically compares and analyzes air-based, liquid-based and solidbased TABS from the perspectives of thermal performance, integrated design, sustainability and application potential. Existing studies show that the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of the envelope integrated with air-based TABS is less than 0.3 W/(m2· K). Permeable air-based TABS also has the dual effect of heat recovery and air purification; Liquid-based TABS is more advantageous in terms of integration and operational energy efficiency, with an equivalent heat transfer coefficient of the envelope down to -3.6 W/(m2·K); Solid-based TABS has the advantages of no working fluid, no moving parts and no noise, and its envelope equivalent heat transfer coefficient can be reduced to -3.0 W/(m2·K). However, issues such as its façade integration and commercialization of thermoelectric modules need to be addressed in the future.
  • Exclusive:Healthy urban and rural living environmen
    SHEN Lu, HAN Linfei
    Science & Technology Review. 2022, 40(22): 66-77. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.22.007
    With a relatively high proportion in disabled people, the visually impaired population faces the double demands of general travel and necessary work. At present, there are many problems in the construction of guide space in China, such as nonstandard and non-complete, resulting in the travel inconvenience for the visually disabled people. In order to meet the travel demands of the visually impaired population, the public spaces around the blind massage parlors within the Fourth Ring Road of Beijing are selected as the research samples. In view of three spatial dimensions, i.e. geographical point (crossing space), line (blind sidewalk space) and surface (entrance square space), the visually impaired population safe travel evaluation system is established through the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process and the Multi-factors Fuzzy Evaluation Method. The results reveal the existing problems:in point space, low degree identification of the blind people; in linear space, serious encroachment of the blind sidewalk core space, in surface space, poor guidance to the entrance of the blind facilities. The overall evaluation of the guide environment tends to be at an "General" level, in which the evaluation scores of safety, standardization and continuity are relatively low, the comfort and identification scores are medium, and the accessibility scores are high. Based on the evaluation results, three suggestions were proposed for the block guide environment optimization to improve the guide space friendliness for the visually impaired population in Beijing, and to provide references for the improvement of the urban guide space in the future.
  • Exclusive:Healthy urban and rural living environmen
    WANG Yanjun, LIU Qingying, SI Lili, PENG Xiangyu, JIANG Tong
    Science & Technology Review. 2022, 40(22): 78-87. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2022.22.008
    Projection of population structure in the Xiong'an New Area is great significant for the regional high-quality development. Based on the sixth population census and the Baoding Economic Statistical Yearbooks, the populationdevelopment-environment model is used to project population structure from 2020 to 2035 in the Xiong'an New Area. The policy-oriented population migration plan of the Xiong'an New Area is set by referring to the migration population patterns of the Shanghai Pudong New Area and the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone. The characteristics of the population structure by age, gender and education level were compared between the policy-oriented migration plans and natural migration plan following its historical trend. The research conclusions are as follows:(1) Aging trend of the population has appeared in the Xiong'an New Area. At period 2020-2035, the degree of aging will increase under the natural migration mode. In contrast, aging trend will be alleviated under the policy-oriented migration mode in which the pressure on the labor force might be reduced but the birthrate might be in a low status. (2) The total gender ratio is projected to show a downward trend under both migration modes. Although the gender structure might be improved, the gender ratio will still be slightly higher. (3) Under the natural migration mode, the average length of education will rise from 9 years in 2020 to about 10 years in 2035, which means secondary education will still dominate the population educational structure. Under the policy-oriented migration mode, the average length of education will increase from 9 years to 13.5 years, and the dominant educational level will shift from secondary education to university education. (4) To promote high-quality development in the Xiong'an New Area, some major socio-economic aspects need to be improved including optimization of the pension insurance system and the fertility policy, increasing in the property income of the labor force, strengthening the laws and regulations construction to enhance the awareness of the gender equality, and improvement of infrastructure construction and fostering of innovative talents.