Large-scale scientific facilities are important equipment for scientific and technological innovations. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC，construction of large-scale scientific facilities in China has been steadily advanced and many achievements have been acquired. The article reviews the construction and development process of large-scale scientific facilities since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, then analyzes the problems existing in the development of large-scale scientific facilities. Finally, some suggestions are put forward from the aspects of funding investment, solving key technology and strengthening international cooperation for realizing sci-tech self-reliance and self-improvement.

Scientist spirit is the concentrated embodiment of scientific spirit and scientific culture of the scientist group, which has the characteristics of science, nationality and times. In the exchange agitation between modern scientific culture and traditional Chinese culture, the Chinese scientist spirit has been able to take root. By reviewing the development process and characteristics of the Chinese scientist spirit and summarizing the spiritual force behind the successful experience of China's century-long history of scientific and technological struggles, we will vigorously carry forward the scientific spirit and the scientist spirit of the new era, so as to better embark on the new journey of making China a powerful country in science and technology and better support the construction of a powerful country and national rejuvenation.

The science and technology of our country must be self-reliant and self-improvement. For this reason, we need enough backbone scientists. Based on the literature, this article presents a case study on several backbone scientists and concludes that they have basic commonalities, namely: solid professional foundation, strong scientific research talent and ability, strong sense of innovation, rich scientific research practice, broad ideas beyond science, and extremely powerful social responsibility. These commonalities are essential elements for them to become backbone scientists. Further analysis shows that the broad thought beyond science comes from the rich scientific research practice which is driven by the strong sense of innovation. The interaction and coupling of scientific research ability, scientific research experience, social experience, and broad thoughts beyond science may create two channels for the scientists, that is, the professional output channel and the spiritual radiation channel. The combined forces of the two channels will support the strong social responsibility of the backbone scientists.

Cultivating and utilizing strategic scientists is the strategic deployment made by the Party Central Committee in response to the current situation and targeted tasks. This study analyzes the definition and characteristics of strategic scientists. Based on the competency theory, a competency judgment model of strategic scientists is formed in four dimensions, i.e., strategic position, strategic foresight, strategic layout and strategic implementation. By the model, 34 strategic scientists are selected and through their resumes and biographical data, the factors affecting their growth are determined and the impact mechanism of the growth is analyzed. Finally, we put forward suggestions on systematically promoting the training and use of strategic scientific and technological talents.

Qian Xuesen was the founder of China's aerospace industry and an internationally renowned scientist and he also was the outstanding representative of China's scientist spirit. This article summarizes the connotation of Qian Xuesen's scientist spirit from six aspects: patriotism, innovation, seeking truth, dedication, collaboration, and education. Qian Xuesen's scientist spirit has injected a permanent scientific spirit and innovative momentum into China's national defense technology innovation and high-level technological self-reliance and self-improvement.

This paper describes Hua Loo-Keng's contributions as a strategic mathematician by investigating his deeds in proposing and implementing the work plan of the Institute of Mathematics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, participating in the formulation of the national science and technology plans, planning and preparing the China's computer undertaking, initiating and organizing middle school students' mathematical competitions, popularizing and promoting the critical path method and optimum seeking method. It is concluded that Hua developed his idea of developing an institute of mathematics in 1943 and put it into practice at the Institute of Mathematics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He made historic contributions to planning China's computing technology and mathematical development. He played an extremely important role in advocating and organizing China's computer undertaking and middle school students' mathematical competitions, as well as in popularizing and promoting the critical path method and optimum seeking method. Hua's transformation from a self-taught youth to an outstanding strategic mathematician was the result of interactions of internal and external factors.

Olga Alexandrovna Ladyzhenskaya was one of the most outstanding female mathematical physicists in Russia in the twentieth century, she made outstanding contributions to the field of partial differential equations, especially in hyperbolic, elliptic, parabolic partial differential equations, Navier-Stokes equations, and attractor theory. Her outstanding contributions also made Russia become a scientific and technological power. By explaining her life experience, academic achievements and profound influences, this paper demonstrates her scientific outlook on life, pursuit of scientific excellence and the driving force to promote scientific progress.

As the sea-level rise is expected to reach 80 to 200cm in the next 100 years and inundate hundreds of coastal cities, the number of people forced to relocate globally is likely to reach hundreds of millions. Managing the retreat is increasingly becoming the first option to effectively eliminate the risk. Frequent and serious coastal disasters pose a challenge to the traditional defense idea of "man conquers nature". This paper mainly adopts the literature method to study the management retreat mechanism of coastal disaster risk areas in the US. It expounds the importance of management retreat by reviewing cases and regulations, summarizes five types of tools for implementing management retreat, namely planning, acquisition, supervision, transfer of development rights and laws, and discusses the adaptation of residents in receiving areas and ecological restoration in evacuated areas after evacuation. It is hoped that these strategies can provide reference for the withdrawal mechanism of construction land in our coastal disaster risk areas.

The application of artificial intelligence(AI) in the military field has recently further improved the overall response ability and execution efficiency of information-based joint operations. Electronic countermeasures combat operations take place in an invisible space, it is more urgent for troops to get AI technology support in a fast-changing electromagnetic situation. By sorting out the main application modes of AI technology in military field, this paper systematically studies the application path of AI in electronic countermeasures from a perspective of operational integrity and puts forward specific thoughts and suggestions for combat command，warfare method application，equipment research and development, and intelligent cooperation, so as to accurately serve the electromagnetic field struggle and improve intelligent combat ability.

Breakthroughs of next-generation space nuclear power and propulsion technology will completely change the style of future space exploration missions. At present, the United States and Russia have accelerated their research and development processes of space nuclear power systems to keep their leading positions. This article outlines the classification and application scenarios of space nuclear power systems, summarizes the technology development processes and strategies of the US and Russia. Furthermore, the development trend of space nuclear power is analyzed. The results indicate that compared to the Cold War era, future space exploration missions have put forward new requirements for the power, flexibility, reliability, and safety of the nuclear power systems. The US and Russia attach great importance to the development of space nuclear power technology but there are differences in development strategies and technological routes. The US is conducting comprehensive research and development on radioisotope thermo-electric generator, space reactors, nuclear thermal propulsion systems, and nuclear electric propulsion systems, all driven by next-generation space capability development and deep space exploration projects. Russia, on the other hand, focuses on developing nuclear power propulsion spacecraft projects, taking its own advantages in nuclear power propulsion technology, with the intention of maintaining its competitiveness in the space field with limited resource investment.

At a time of turmoil in the world situation, implementation of scientific system intervention policy is of great significance for effectively dealing with risk challenges. The practice cases of international mission-oriented innovation policy（MOIP）are investigated and compared in terms of of key mission, policy subjects, policy objectives, policy tools and facing up to challenges. It is shown that MOIP has the characteristics of long policy implementation cycle, mission-oriented response to challenges, authority and diversity of policy subjects, multiplicity and specificity of policy objectives, and diversity of policy tools. Suggestions are put forward for China to lay out MOIP, such as strengthening top-level design, scientifically designing strategic direction, strengthening overall coordination, and optimizing and improving policy toolbox.

This paper summarizes five characteristics of China's standardization "going out" in terms of innovation ability demand, domestic and foreign policies, development stage transformation, existing problems and breakthrough points. Around the government, scientific research institutions and enterprises respectively from the "strategy and policy formulation, theory and decision support, standard development and participation" and other aspects of China's standard "going out" optimization path.