Abstract:China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) entrusted Institute of Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) to conduct a survey on the Science and Technology Award for Chinese Youth during the period from 2006 to 2007. Through historical data analyses, questionnaires, interviews and informal discussions, the distribution of award winners, the functions of the award, the award index and its evaluation procedures are surveyed and analyzed. The Science and Technology Award for Chinese Youth is awarded with research or academic achievements, academic quality, development potential as important evaluation indexes, and its functions include selection, promoting, guiding and radiating. The results show that 83.27% of award winners consider that the Science and Technology Award for Chinese Youth plays an important role in achieving more outstanding achievements. 87.27% of evaluation experts and 94.32% of recommending institutions are satisfied with the role of the award. 96.23% of award winners, 89.90 percent of evaluation experts and 75.00% of recommending institutions are satisfied with equity of the election, 96.33% of award winners, 89.90% of evaluation experts and 76.14 percent of recommending institutions are satisfied with fairness of the election, and 93.80% of award winners, 80.00% of evaluation experts and 76.14% of recommending institutions consider the election scientific. Award winners, evaluation experts and recommending institutions basically have a consensus on the general influence of the Science and Technology Award for Chinese Youth, and consider that besides the direct effect on award winners, the Science and Technology Award for Chinese Youth has positive influences on young scientists, the national innovation system, science and education communities, and the social economy development.