Bacterial Cellulose (BC) used in tissue engineering is studied in this paper, with the focus on the effects of bacterial cellulose on rhagiocrine cell and the structural changes of materials owing to tissue cells entering. To study the in vivo degradation and histocompatibility of BC, BC with the size of 5 mm×10 mm×1 mm was implanted in the subcutaneous tissue back of mature Wistar rats. After a period of time, BC was taken out and cleaned out with Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS), Phosphate Buffer Solution (PBS) and distilled water. And then the net BC taken out in different times was detected and analyzed by XRD, SEM and FTIR. At the same time, the corresponding subcutaneous tissue was fixed and observed under Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The interface of materials and organization tissue was observed by TEM to investigate the condition of histiocyte growing into 3D network of materials. The materials were taken out from the tissue after BC was implanted for several months. It is found that the crystallinity of BC is stepped down and C—O bond characteristic absorption peak broadened. Moreover, calcium phosphate salts were found deposited on the nano-fibril of BC after implanted for 6 months. Bacterial cellulose had good histocompatibility with subcutaneous tissue of back. Fibroblasts as well as blood vessel could migrate up to 30 ?滋m into the fibrous network after 6 months of implant.