Emission Characteristics of Multiple Pollutants from Iron- steel Sintering Flue Gas and Review of Control Technologies
ZHU Tingyu, LIU Qing, LI Yuran, YAN Xiaomiao, QI Feng, YE Meng
National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology; Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Abstract:The emission characteristics measurement of the iron-steel sintering flue gas shows that the SO2 concentration is high in the middle of the sintering machine and low at the head and tail parts along the sintering direction. The dioxins concentration has positive a correlation with the flue gas temperature, and reaches a peak value as the temperature above 250℃. The proportion of the SO2 concentration below 2000 mg/m3 occupies 63%, and the over 2000 mg/m3 occupies 37%. Therefore, the desulfurization efficiency should be higher than 90% and 96%, respectively. The proportion of the NOx concentration below 300 mg/m3 is 86%, and the flue gas can be discharged directly without treatment. However, the proportion of NOx concentration between 300 and 600 mg/m3 is 14%, and the denitration efficiency should be higher than 50%. The dioxins concentration between 1.0 and 5.0 ng TEQ/m3 has to be reduced to reach the national standard. According to the emission characteristics of high SO2 and dioxins concentrations from the sintering flue gas, four kinds of multi-pollutant simultaneous control technologies are reviewed. Activated carbon adsorption belongs to an integrated control technology, while SDA (spray drying adsorption), MEROS (maximized emission reduction of sintering) and IOCFB (inner outer circulating fluidized bed) methods belong to collaborative control technologies based on the SO2 absorbed by calcium-based sorbents and the dioxins adsorbed by activated carbon. Industrial applications of the four technologies are demonstrated and the removal efficiencies are compared with each other.
朱廷钰, 刘青, 李玉然, 闫晓淼, 齐枫, 叶猛. 钢铁烧结烟气多污染物的排放特征及控制技术[J]. 科技导报, 2014, 32(33): 51-56.
ZHU Tingyu, LIU Qing, LI Yuran, YAN Xiaomiao, QI Feng, YE Meng. Emission Characteristics of Multiple Pollutants from Iron- steel Sintering Flue Gas and Review of Control Technologies. Science & Technology Review, 2014, 32(33): 51-56.
[1] 国家统计局,环境保护部. 中国环境统计年鉴(2012)[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2013.National Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Environmental Protection.Chinese statistical yearbook on evironment 2012[M]. Beijing: ChineseStatistics Press, 2013.
[2] 俞勇梅, 何晓蕾, 李咸伟. 烧结过程中二恶英的排放和生成机理研究进展[J]. 世界钢铁,2009(6): 1-6.Yu Yongmei, He Xiaolei, Li Xianwei. Research progress of dioxinsemission from sintering process and its formation mechanism[J]. WorldIron & Steel, 2009(6): 1-6.
[3] 王存政, 李建萍, 李烨. 我国钢铁行业二恶英污染防治技术研究[J]. 环境工程, 2011, 29(5): 75-79.Wang Cunzheng, Li Jianping, Li Ye. Study on dioxin pollution controllingin iron and steel industry in China[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2011,29(5): 75-79.
[4] 朱廷钰. 烧结烟气净化技术[M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2008: 178-179.Zhu Tingyu. Sintering flue gas purification technology[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press, 2008: 178-179.
[5] 郝志忠, 吴胜利, 段祥光, 等. 降低包钢烧结工序能耗的实践[J]. 烧结球团, 2010, 35(4): 46-49.Hao Zhizhong, Wu Shengli, Duan Xiangguang, et al. Practice of reducingsintering process energy consumption in Baosteel[J]. Sintering andPelletizing, 2010, 35(4): 46-49.
[6] 刘文权. 烧结工艺特性对二氧化硫减排的影响探讨[J]. 冶金经济与管理, 2009(6): 6-10.Liu Wenquan. Effect of sintering process characteristics on sulfur dioxidereduction[J]. Metallurgical Economic and Management, 2009(6): 6-10.
[7] 马秀珍, 栾元迪, 叶冰. 旋转喷雾半干法烟气脱硫技术的开发和应用[J]. 山东冶金, 2012, 34(5): 51-53.Ma Xiuzhen, Luan Yuandi, Ye Bing. Development and application of fluegas desulfurization technology with rotating spray semi- dry process[J].Shandong Metallurgy, 2012, 34(5): 51-53.
[8] 余志杰, 李奇勇, 徐海军, 等. 三钢2号烧结机烟气干法选择性脱硫装置的设计与应用[J]. 烧结球团, 2007, 32(6): 15-18Yu Zhijie, Li Qiyong, Xu Haijun, et al. Design and application of the dry-FGD process in Sanming Steel No. 2 sintering plant[J]. Sintering andPelletizing, 2007, 32(6): 15-18.
[9] 贾汉忠, 宋存义, 戴振中. 烧结过程中二噁英的产生机理和控制[J]. 烧结球团, 2008, 33(1): 25-30.Jia Hanzhong, Song Cunyi, Dai Zhenzhong. Generation mechanism ofdioxin in sintering process and its emission control[J]. Sintering andPelletizing, 2008, 33(1): 25-30.
[10] 李强. 太钢烧结烟气二恶英减排技术应用及分析[J]. 环境工程, 2013,31(4): 93-96.Li Qiang. Application & analysis of dioxin emission reduction technologyof TISCO sintering flue gas[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2013, 31(4):93-96
[11] 苍大强, 魏汝飞, 张玲玲, 等. 钢铁工业烧结过程二噁英的产生机理与减排研究进展[J]. 钢铁, 2014, 49(8): 1-8.Cang Daqiang, Wei Rufei, Zhang Lingling, et al. Formation mechanismand emission reduction of PCDD/Fs in iron ore sintering[J]. Iron andSteel, 2014, 49(8): 1-8
[12] 孟庆立, 李昭祥, 杨其伟, 等. 台湾中钢SCR触媒在烧结场脱硝与脱二噁英中的应用[J]. 武汉大学学报: 工学版, 2012, 45(6): 751-756.Meng Qingli, Li Zhaoxiang, Yang Qiwei, et al. Application of SCRcatalyst to sinter plant for NO/dioxins removal[J]. Engineering Journal ofWuhan University, 2012, 45(6): 751-756.
[13] 赵德生. 太钢450m2烧结机烟气脱硫脱硝工艺实践[C]//全国烧结烟气脱硫技术交流会文集. 北京: 中国金属学会, 2011: 8-15.Zhao Desheng. Practice of the flue gas desulphurization anddenitrification processes in TISCO's 450m2 sinter[C]//Proceedings ofthe National Sintering Flue Gas Desulphurization TechnologyConference. Beijing: The Chinese Society for Metals, 2011: 8-15.
[14] 王国鹏. 太钢烧结烟气脱硫脱硝用热气再生系统实践[J]. 中国冶金,2011, 21(11): 19-21.Wang Guopeng. Application on hot gas generator technology ofdesulfurization and denitrification for strand gas in TISCO[J]. ChinaMetallurgy, 2011, 21(11): 19-21.
[15] 顾兵, 何申富, 姜创业. SDA 脱硫工艺在烧结烟气脱硫中的应用[J].环境工程, 2013, 31(2): 53-56.Gu Bing, He Shenfu, Jiang Chuangye. Application of spray dryingabsorption (SDA) in desulphurization of sintering flue gas[J].Environmental Engineering, 2013, 31(2): 53-56.
[16] 冯占立, 张庆文, 常治铁, 等. 旋转喷雾干燥烟气脱硫技术在烧结机上的应用[J]. 中国冶金, 2011, 21(11): 13-18.Feng Zhanli, Zhang Qingwen, Chang Yetie, et al. Application of rotaryspray drying flue gas desulfurization technology in sinter plant[J]. ChinaMetallurgy, 2011, 21(11): 13-18.
[17] Alexander Fleischanderl, Christoph Aichinger, Erwin Zwittag. 环保型烧结生产新技术——Eposint and MEROS[J]. 中国冶金, 2008, 18(11):41-46.Alexander Fleischanderl, Christoph Aichinger, Erwin Zwittag. Newdevelopments for achieving environmentally friendly sinter production:Eposint and MEROS[J]. China Metallurgy, 2008, 18(11): 41-46.
[18] 唐胜卫, 丁希楼, 赵凯. 马钢烧结烟气脱硫工艺技术研究[J]. 金属世界, 2008(6): 20-23.Tang Shengwei, Ding Xilou, Zhao Kai. Study on the craft technologyscheme of the sinter flue gas desulphurization of Ma'anshan Iron & SteelCo. Ltd.[J]. Metal World, 2008(6): 20-23.
[19] 刘长青, 吴朝刚, 宋磊. MEROS 脱硫工艺在马钢300 m2 烧结机的应用[J]. 安徽冶金, 2011(2): 36-38, 60.Liu Changqing, Wu Chaogang, Song Lei. The application of MEROSdesulfurization process in Masteel's 300 m2 sinter[J]. Anhui Metallurgy,2011(2): 36-38, 60.
[20] 曹玉龙, 汪为民. MEROS脱硫技术在马钢烧结系统的成功运用[J]. 冶金动力, 2012(6): 93-95.Cao Yulong, Wang Weimin. Successful application of MEROSdesulfurization technology in Masteel's sintering system[J]. MetallurgicalPower, 2012(6): 93-95.
[21] 朱廷钰, 叶猛, 荆鹏飞, 等. 一种用于烧结烟气脱除二氧化硫和二恶英的装置及方法: 中国, 201110329568.4[P]. 2012-03-07.Zhu Tingyu, Ye Meng, Jing Pengfei, et al. One equipment and method forSO2 and dioxin removal used for sintering flue gas: China:201110329568.4[P]. 2012-03-07.