Abstract:Fast development of exploitation of living marine resources of China is reviewed. Over exploitation of the limited resources resulted in decrease of natural stock size, catch per unit effort (CPUE), and production of major fish species which seriously influenced the sustainable exploitation and development of China’s marine fishery industry and the countries construction,as well as the low level of hatchery and grow out techniques and disease control. The existing problems are analyzed and discussed. The suggestions for the sustainable exploitation and development of China’s marine fishery resources were put forward such as: (1) to cut off the number of small fishing boats; (2) to enhance culture technique study and exploitation; (3) to develop resource enhancement techniques and practice in coastal seas; (4) to develop high technique of fishery products processing.