2018年临近空间科学热点回眸

doi:10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.01.005

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摘要临近空间神秘而迷人，其资源还远没有得到有效利用，临近空间飞行器是认识和利用临近空间的必然工具。回顾了2018年临近空间飞行器热点：中国科学院启动A类战略性先导科技专项“临近空间科学实验系统”；谷歌公司旨在平流层气球组网的Project Loon完成7球中继1000 km里程碑，双球单跳最远传输距离达600 km；Zephyr S无人机创造临近空间太阳能无人机驻留时间新记录；高超声速飞行器方面，普京宣称弹道导弹“匕首”已经服役，美俄在滑翔导弹剑拔弩张，吸气式巡航飞行器波澜不惊、多国仍在努力攻关；Virgin Galactic的SpaceShip Two跨入太空的门槛，Blue Origin的New Shepard完成了为普通乘客到大气层更边缘遨游之前的两次关键飞行。探索与认知，打击与防御，遨游与分享，未来临近空间必将上演更多异彩纷呈的篇章。

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	李智斌
	黄宛宁
	张钊

关键词 ：平流层浮空飞行器, 平流层长航时无人机, 高超声速飞行器, 超声速亚轨道飞行器

Abstract：The near space is mysterious and fascinating and its resources are far from being effectively utilized. The near space vehicle is an inevitable tool for understanding and utilizing the near space. Looking back on the near space craft hotspots in 2018, we review in this paper the strategic priority research program "Near space science experiment system" (referred to as HongHu project) launched by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Google's Project Loon which aimed at stratospheric balloon networking to complete 7 goals relay of 1000 km with the longest single-hop transmission distance of 600km, and the new record of high-altitude during time created by Zephyr S drone. We also summarize those hot spots such as hypersonic vehicles, gliding missiles, aerated cruisers, Virgin Galactic Space Ship Ⅱ, and Blue Origin's New Shepard. With the exploration and cognition, combat and defense, migration and sharing, the near space will certainly become a more colorful stage.

Key words： stratospheric vehicle stratospheric long-endurance UAV hypersonic vehicle supersonic suborbital vehicle

收稿日期: 2019-01-05

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目（61733017）；中国科学院战略性先导专项（XDA17020203）

通讯作者: 黄宛宁(通信作者),高级工程师,研究方向为临近空间飞行器测控技术,电子信箱:hwn@aoe.ac.cn E-mail: hwn@aoe.ac.cn

作者简介: 李智斌,研究员,研究方向为临近空间飞行器动力学、控制及应用,电子信箱:zhibin@aoe.ac.cn

引用本文:

李智斌, 黄宛宁, 张钊. 2018年临近空间科学热点回眸[J]. 科技导报, 2019, 37(1): 44-51.
LI Zhibin, HUANG Wanning, ZHANG Zhao. Summary of the hot spots of near space vehicles in 2018. Science & Technology Review, 2019, 37(1): 44-51.

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http://www.kjdb.org/CN/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.01.005 或 http://www.kjdb.org/CN/Y2019/V37/I1/44

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