Abstract:Thanks to its recent rapid development, China's railway sector is among the best or even leading the world in terms of size and quality of the railway network, technology and equipment, passenger ridership and freight volume. China has become a country with strong railway competitiveness and the railway has been playing a significant role in economic growth and social development. However, there is still room for improvement. Focusing on the current railway challenges and objectives the paper suggests that it is urgent for China railway to further improve the quality of development, optimize network structure, enhance innovation, improve transportation benefit, safety and services, promote green and intelligent railway development, and strengthen international influence.