淀粉-高岭土/聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺高吸水树脂的制备和性能

林 健;牟国栋;杨 雪

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科技导报 ›› 2010, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (14) : 90-94.

研究论文

淀粉-高岭土/聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺高吸水树脂的制备和性能

林健;牟国栋;杨雪

作者信息 -

LIN Jian, MOU Guodong, YANG Xue

Preparation and Properties of Starch-Kaolin/P(AA-AM) Super Absorbent Resin

Author information -

摘要

高吸水性树脂是目前发展最快的功能高分子材料之一。美国、西欧和日本是主要的生产和消费地区。中国在这方面起步较晚，但也取得了一定的进展。与当前主流产品丙烯酸类相比，淀粉来源丰富、价格低廉、可生物降解，是目前研究的重点。以丙烯酸盐、丙烯酰胺、高岭土和淀粉等为原料，通过溶液聚合法制备了复合型耐盐高吸水性树脂，研究了合成淀粉-高岭土/聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺高吸水树脂的工艺条件，引发剂、交联剂、干燥方法、高岭土、丙烯酰胺用量对材料耐盐的影响，制备得到了在去离子水、0.9% NaCl中吸水倍率分别达到1415和95g/g的样品。红外光谱和扫描电镜分析吸水树脂的形态和结构，发现共聚物的组成对高吸水树脂的分解温度和表面形态结构特征都存在较大影响。

Abstract

The superabsorbent is one of the fastest developing functional polymers. The USA, Europe and Japan are the main producers and consumers. China's research in this field started later, but with a good progress. Compared with the mainstream product preparation from acrylic acid, that by using starch as raw material has many advantages, for starch is abundant, cheap and biodegradable. This paper studies its preparation process, morphology and structural characterization. The influencing factors on absorbency include the components of kaolin, the type and amount of initiator, the type and amount of crosslink, amount of acrylamide, neutralization degree, and drying conditions. With acrylic acid, acrylamide, kaolin, starch and others as raw materials, super-absorbent composites were prepared by using a method of water solution cross-linked polymerization The aqueous solution polymerization method is discussed, focusing on the properties of super absorbent resin, which are affected by the amount of crosslinking agent, initiator, kaolin, acrylamide and drying condition, and so on. Water absorption rate can reach 1415g/g, and salt absorption rate can reach 95g/g. The copolymers were characterized by the IR spectroscopy and Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM). A good thermal stability is shown, and the components of comonomers influence the resin's decomposition temperature and the surface morphological characterization notably.