Abstract:Numerical order cognition is one of the most important parts of numerical cognition. Research shows that it has its roots both in evolution and individual's development, and has similar behavioral effects as numerical magnitude cognition. But they are associated with different spatio-temporal courses in parietal and prefrontal cortices. It is inconclusive as to whether the numerical order cognition and the numerical quantity cognition are related with some common underlying mechanisms, or they are related with (at least partially) distinct processes.