微波烧结是一种新型、高效的陶瓷烧结工艺,具有升温速度快、节能省时、改善微观结构以及降低烧结温度等特点.本文采用微波烧结工艺制备了Fe₂O₃掺杂的0.55Pb(Ni_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-0.45Pb(Zr_0.3Ti_0.7)O₃(简写为0.55PNN-0.45PZT)压电陶瓷,烧结温度为1200℃、保温时间为2h.利用X射线衍射(X-ray Diffraction,XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM)、阻抗分析仪及铁电分析仪等测试表征方法,研究了Fe₂O₃掺杂对陶瓷的结构、介电以及压电性能的影响.结果表明,所有陶瓷样品均为钙钛矿结构,随着Fe₂O₃掺杂量的增加,压电和介电性能呈先增加后减小趋势.当Fe₂O₃掺杂量为0.8%(质量分数)时,陶瓷达到最优电学性能：压电常数(d₃₃)、平面机电耦合系数(k_p)、相对介电常数(ε_r)和介电损耗(tanδ)分别为d₃₃=520pC/N,k_p=0.51,ε_r=4768,tanδ=0.026.

Microwave sintering is a novel and high efficiency sintering technology for ceramics, which exhibits many significant advantages, such as high rapid heating rate, energy saving and shorter sintering time, microstructures improvement, and lower sintering temperature. The 0.55Pb(Ni_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-0.45Pb(Zr_0.3Ti_0.7)O₃(0.55PNN-0.45PZT) piezoelectric ceramics by doping with Fe₂O₃ were prepared using the microwave sintering process at 1,200℃ for 2h. The effect of Fe₂O₃ doping on microstructure, dielectric and piezoelectric properties were investigated by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), impedance analyser, and ferroelectric tester in detail. The XRD results indicate that all samples possess typical pervoskite phase. In addition, both the piezoelectric and dielectric constants increases firstly and then decreases with increasing x. The optimum electrical properties of d₃₃=520pC/N, k_p=0.51, ε_r=4768, and tanδ=0.026 are obtained for the 0.55PNN-0.45PZT ceramics by doping with 0.8% Fe₂O₃.