为了提高珠江口盆地含砾地层的钻井速度,对该油田的矿物组份及岩性进行了分析,开展了含砾地层的强度、可钻性和研磨性室内实验,弄清了该油田砂砾岩地层的岩石力学特性.根据地层的岩石力学特性和邻井钻头的使用效果,从聚晶金刚石复合片(PDC)钻头的复合片、冠部轮廓、布齿方式和水力结构等方面,对PDC钻头进行结构优化.优化后的新型PDC钻头进尺比普通PDC钻头提高131%以上,钻速提高82%以上,钻井成本每米减少28%.本文提出了考虑地层岩石力学特性、钻头使用效果和钻头综合性能相结合的优化方法,该方法简单有效.

In order to improve the Rate of Penetration (ROP) of the glutenite formation in the Pearl River Mouth Basin (PRMB) Oilfields, the lithological characters of glutenite formation was identified by the X-Ray diffractometer. Laboratory experiments on core Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS), drill ability, and abrasive property were conducted to study their rock mechanics properties. According to the rock mechanics properties and the drilling data of the used PDC bit, the Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) cutters are optimized in terms of the bit crown, cutters distribution method, and hydraulic structure of the PDC bit. Comparing with the bits used in the adjacent wells, the drilling footage and the ROP of the optimized PDC bit are improve by 131% and 48%, respectively; and the drilling cost per meter is also reduced by 28%. The bit optimization method proposed takes the effects of the rock mechanics parameters, the drilling data of the used PDC bits, and the total property of all the bit parts into consideration and is simple and effective, which might be able to apply to the bit optimization of complex formation in the future.