河流功能区划是规范和引导河流开发与保护的基础。在对河流功能分类论述的基础上,阐述了河流功能区划的内涵、区划原则,构建了河流功能二级区划体系,划分了4类1级区(保护区、保留区、开发利用区和缓冲区)和11类二级区(饮用水源区、工业用水区、农业用水区、渔业用水区、水电利用区、内陆航运区、防洪控制区、文化景观娱乐用水区、排污控制区、生态修复区、过渡区),并给出了河流功能区划指标和区划方法。以黄河干流为例,进行了河流功能一级区划的尝试,将黄河干流划分为21个一级功能区,包括3个保护区,2个保留区,5个缓冲区,11个开发利用区。结果表明,提出的河流功能区划体系和方法合理可行,能规范、引导河流开发与保护,为河流分区管理提供新的管理工具。

The river function regionalization is the foundation to regulate and guide the river development and protection. In the context of the river function classification, this paper elaborates on the connotation and the principle of the river function regionalization, constructs a river function regionalization system that includes four regions (protect zone, retention zone, development and utilization zone, and buffer zone) and eleven sub-regions, and gives division indexes and methods. The river function regionalization is used in the main stream of the Yellow River as an example. The Yellow River is divided into 21 primary functions including three protect zones, five buffer zones, eleven development and utilization zones. The results show that the proposed river function regionalization system and methods are rational and feasible, and can regulate and guide the river development and protection as a new management tool.