采场覆岩离层水水害是一种新型水害类型,迄今为止对其认识不是十分清楚。为了更好地对其进行研究,对该领域已有的研究成果进行梳理分析。首先,对9个典型的离层水水害事例进行整理、总结,得出5个方面的共同特征,分别是坚硬覆岩、多煤层或单煤层分层开采所引起的重复采动、离层区具有充沛的补给来源、积水离层带与采场之间存在隔水层形成封闭水体、具有冲击地压等诱发因素。其次,根据前人对离层水突水机制的阐述过程,总结出5种揭示离层水突水的观点,并基于物理场的角度把这5种观点归纳成3类:渗流场的单独作用、应力场的单独作用、渗流场和应力场的耦合作用。最后,指明了离层水害领域中5个研究重点,并展望了其发展方向。

The groundwater inrush from bed separation of overlying strata is a new type of water disaster. So far its mechanism is not recognized clearly. Therefore existing research results in this field were analyzed by the author. Firstly, nine typical examples of groundwater inrush from bed separation of overlying strata were sorted out and summarized. Then common characteristics on the five areas were obtained. They include hard overlying strata, repeated coal mining of multiple seams or single seam slicing mining, abundant water resources recharging bed separation space, closed water body between bed separation space and a stope, induction factors such as rock burst. Secondly, five viewpoints of groundwater inrush from bed separation of overlying strata were summarized, according to mechanisms expounded by previous researchers. And then on the basis of the view of the physical field, five viewpoints were generalized three categories: seepage field alone, stress field alone, coupling seepage field and stress field. At last, according to research results, five highlights and some prospects in the felid of groundwater inrush from bed separation of overlying strata were pointed out.