为更加科学准确地评价海底采场顶板稳定性，提出一种基于粗糙集理论（RST）的采场顶板稳定性二级模糊评价方法。结合三山岛金矿海底开采实例，选取岩体抗压强度、岩石质量指标、节理平均间距、地下水状况、以及采场的深度、跨度、跨高比、周围扰动影响、顶板暴露面积、顶板最大暴露时间和支护措施等11项指标作为评价因子，采用连续分段函数和模糊语言变量隶属度取值表，分别确定连续性指标隶属度和离散型变量隶属度，并以12个采场为训练样本，采用粗糙集理论（RST）确定各指标权重，运用所建二级模糊评价模型，对12个采场样本逐一进行检验，正确率为100%；对-400m水平采场顶板稳定性进行评价，评价结果与该采场顶板的实际状况吻合，表明了该方法用于海底采场顶板稳定性评价的可行性。

In order to evaluate the stope stability scientifically and accurately, a two-stage fuzzy evaluation model of stope roof stability was established with the engineering practice of Sanshandao under-sea gold mining. Eleven indexes, i.e., compressive strength of rock mass, RQD, average joint spacing, groundwater condition, exposed area of roof, depth of stope, span of stope, span-depth ratio of stope, disturbance influence around, maximum exposure time of roof, support measures, were selected to be the evaluation indicators. Degree of membership of the continuous indicators was calculated using sectional-continuous functions and degree of the discrete indicators was obtained by fuzzy language variables. To avoid the influence of subjective factors, rough set theory was applied to determine the weight of indicators by training 12 sets of stope samples. Each of the 12 sets of stope samples was tested by the model, and the accurate ratio was 100%. Stability of another stope roof on the -400 m level was predicted by the model. The results show that the predicted stability classification was in good agreement with the actual situation. Therefore, the evaluation model can be used in the practical stope stability evaluation.