燃煤汞排放是全球汞污染的重要人为排放源,中国能源结构以煤为主的格局在今后相当长的时期内难以改变,因此对燃煤过程开展汞污染监测及控制迫在眉睫.本文分析了中国燃煤汞污染排放特征、现状及标准,论述了燃煤烟气中汞的监测技术和汞污染控制技术,探讨了今后燃煤烟气中汞监测及控制技术的发展.认为,在监测技术方面,需要开发长期稳定运行的高精度、高可靠性且价格低廉的仪器,方便中国更多排放源的监测;另外由于中国燃煤高灰、高湿度的特点,需要针对中国燃煤条件开发抗干扰性能强的测试仪器.控制技术方面,应加强协同控制技术的研发,掌握各个环节中化学条件的变化;加强吸附剂喷射技术的研发,开发高效低成本的吸附剂.
Changing China's energy production and consumption habits has been difficult for a long time, and in a foreseeable future, coal will continue to be the major sector in the production of electricity. Mercury emission during coal combustion is a major anthropogenic source contributing to global mercury emissions. Thus, it is important to monitor and control mercury emissions during coal combustion. In this paper, mercury emission, measurement, and control technologies for coal fired power plants in China are discussed. The development of future mercury monitoring systems and controlling technologies is also addressed. On the aspect of monitoring, it is suggested that high-precision, high-reliability, and low-cost instruments should be developed to meet the need of mercury emission sources in China. On the other hand, the instrument should also be able to handle the high ash and high moisture flue gases typically found in Chinese coal fired power plants.
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