科技导报 >

2015 , Vol. 33 >Issue 6: 37 - 41

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2015.06.005

专题论文

西安市秋季大气颗粒物散射特征及其影响因素

  • 周雅清 ,
  • 曹军骥 ,
  • 王启元 ,
  • 刘随心 ,
  • 张婷
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  • 1. 中国科学院地球环境研究所气溶胶化学与物理重点实验室, 西安710061;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京100049;
    3. 西安交通大学全球环境变化研究院, 西安710049
周雅清,硕士研究生,研究方向为PM2.5污染及其光学特征,电子信箱zhouyq@ieecas.cn

收稿日期: 2015-02-09

  修回日期: 2015-02-24

  网络出版日期: 2015-04-10

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Characteristics of aerosol scattering coefficient in autumn Xi'an, China

  • ZHOU Yaqing ,
  • CAO Junji ,
  • WANG Qiyuan ,
  • LIU Suixin ,
  • ZHANG Ting
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  • 1. Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics; Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China

Received date: 2015-02-09

  Revised date: 2015-02-24

  Online published: 2015-04-10

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摘要

为研究污染条件下西安市秋季大气颗粒物的散射特征及其影响因素, 于2012 年11 月监测大气颗粒物散射系数并采集PM2.5样品。探讨了大气颗粒物的散射日变化特征, 通过实验分析PM2.5中水溶性离子(Na+、NH4+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+、F-、Cl-、NO3-和SO42-)和含碳物质(有机碳和元素碳)的污染水平, 并讨论它们的来源及对散射系数的影响。结果表明, 颗粒物的散射系数均值为(579±387)Mm-1, 夜间高日间低。PM2.5质量浓度与散射系数呈现出较强的线性关系(相关系数为0.85), 通过回归方程得到PM2.5散射效率为3.09 m2·g-1。在PM2.5化学组分中, 有机物对消光系数的贡献最大, 占52.3%;其次是NH4NO3和(NH4)2SO4, 贡献率分别为16.2%和13.7%。

关键词： 散射系数; PM2.5化学组分; 能见度; 消光系数

本文引用格式

周雅清 , 曹军骥 , 王启元 , 刘随心 , 张婷 . 西安市秋季大气颗粒物散射特征及其影响因素[J]. 科技导报, 2015 , 33(6) : 37 -41 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2015.06.005

Abstract

To investigate the impact of PM2.5 chemical species on light scattering in autumn Xi'an, light scattering coefficient and PM2.5 samples were collected daily in November 2012 at the Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The PM2.5 water-soluble ionic species (Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, F-, Cl-, NO3- and SO42-) and carbonaceous (organic carbon and elemental carbon) were analyzed to characterize their impacts on the light scattering coefficient. The average PM2.5 during the sampling period was (195.4±83.5) μg·m-3. The average light scattering coefficient was (579±387) Mm-1, with high value at night and low value in the daytime. The concentration of PM2.5 showed a strong correlation with light scattering coefficient, with a correlation coefficient of 0.85. The estimated light scattering efficiency of PM2.5 was 3.09 m2·g-1. Among the PM2.5 chemical species, NH4+, K+, SO42- and OC had a strong correlation with light scattering coefficient, suggesting that they are the main contribution sources for light extinction coefficient. The revised IMPROVE equation was used to estimate chemical extinction (bext), which was lower than measured bsp, wet. Among the PM2.5 chemical species, organics had the largest contribution to light extinction, accounting for 52.3%, followed by NH4NO3 (16.2%) and (NH4)2SO4 (13.7%).

Key words： light scattering coefficient; PM2.5 chemical species; visibility; light extinction coefficients

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