月球基地的建立首先需要解决能源供给问题, 核反应堆电源具有功率大、寿命长、环境适应性强等优点, 是月球基地及其他深空探测任务的理想能源。分析了目前可用于月球基地的能源情况, 针对性地提出40 kWe月球表面核反应堆电源的设计理念, 经初步优化设计, 给出该电源的方案和总体设计参数, 并从物理、屏蔽、热工、结构方面对电源方案进行分析和论证。结果表明:该电源方案合理可行, 能够满足安全和寿期要求。
To establish a lunar base, the energy supply is a first issue to be solved. The nuclear reactor power has the advantages of high power, long service life and environmental resistance ability. It is an ideal energy solution option for the lunar base and other deep space exploration missions. A brief analysis of the current status of the energy resources that can be used for a lunar base is made. The design idea of a 40 kWe nuclear reactor power for the lunar surface is proposed. After the preliminary optimization design, the scheme and the overall design parameters of the nuclear reactor power are given. Finally, the power scheme is analyzed and demonstrated from the aspects of the reactor physics, the shielding, the thermal performance and structure. It is shown that the nuclear reactor power scheme is reasonable and feasible. It can meet the requirements of safety and long life service.
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