近年浒苔的爆发式生长给中国一些沿海城市海滨环境和景观造成很大影响,而妥善处置清理后的浒苔至关重要。本研究将浒苔在不同温度下碳化制备成生物炭,用于吸附处理水中的萘。结果发现,浒苔生物质及150℃碳化的浒苔生物炭对萘的吸附以弱的分配作用为主,吸附等温曲线为线性;250、350℃碳化后,吸附能力显著增强,表面吸附和分配作用均有贡献;随着碳化温度进一步升高,吸附能力明显减弱,500℃碳化后吸附作用仅由表面吸附贡献;而700℃碳化时,浒苔中的碳质几乎被完全氧化分解,仅残留部分矿物组分,对萘几乎没有吸附能力。
The rapid growth of the Enteromorpha prolifera (EP) in beaches of some coastal city has caused serious environmental problems. The proper disposal of large quantity of waste EP is an important issue. In this paper, the biomass of the EP is thermally pyrolyzed into a biochar and its sorption characteristics with respect to the naphthalene in water are studied. It is shown that the sorption of the naphthalene by the EP biomass and the lower temperature (150℃) derived EP biochar is governed by a weak partition process, while the biochar derived from the EP at the higher temperatures of 250 and 350℃ exhibits much better sorption capacity than the others, and their sorption is contributed by both the adsorption and the partition. However, the EP biochar derived at 500℃ has a weaker sorption capacity than at 250 and 350℃, and the EP biochar derived at 700℃ has almost no carbon content except for some minerals, and exhibits almost no sorption capacity with respect to the naphthalene.
[1] Ahmad M, Rajapaksha A U, Lim J E, et al. Biochar as a sorbent for contaminant management in soil and water: A review[J]. Chemosphere, 2014, 99: 19-33.
[2] Lehmann J, Joesph S. Biochar for environmental management: Science and technology[M]. London: Earthscan, 2009.
[3] Chen Z M, Chen B L, Chiou C T. Fast and slow rates of naphthalene sorption to biochars produced at different temperatures[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2012, 46(20): 11104-11111.
[4] Beesley L, Moreno-Jiménez E, Gomez-Eyles J L. Effects of biochar and greenwaste compost amendments on mobility, bioavailability and toxicity of inorganic and organic contaminants in a multi-element polluted soil[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2010, 158(6): 2282-2287.
[5] Jones D L, Edwards-Jones G, Murphy D V. Biochar mediated alterations in herbicide breakdown and leaching in soil[J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 2011, 43(4): 804-813.
[6] Chen B, Zhou D, Zhu L. Transitional adsorption and partition of nonpolar and polar aromatic contaminants by biochars of pine needles with different pyrolytic temperatures[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2008, 42(14): 5137-5143.
[7] ChunY,ShengGY,ChiouCT,etal.Compositionsandsorptiveproperties of crop residue- derived chars[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2004, 38(17): 4649-4655.
[8] Uchimiya M, Chang S, Klasson K T. Screening biochars for heavy metal retention in soil: Role of oxygen functional groups[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011, 190: 432-441.
[9] Keiluweit M, Nico P S, Johnson M G, et al. Dynamic molecular structure of plant biomass-derived black carbon (biochar)[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2010, 44(4): 1247-1253.
[10] Kong H, He J, Gao Y, et al. Cosorption of phenanthrene and mercury (II) from aqueous solution by soybean stalk-based biochar[J]. Journal of Agricultural Food and Chemistry, 2011, 59(22): 12116-12123.
[11] Lu H, Zhang W, Yang Y, et al. Relative distribution of Pb2 + sorption mechanisms by sludge-derived biochar[J]. Water Research, 2012, 46(3): 854-862.
[12] Zweiten L V, Kimber S, Morris S, et al. Effect of biochar from slow pyrolysis of papermill waste on agronomic performance and soil fertility[J]. Plant and Soil, 2010, 327: 235-246.
[13] Chen B, Chen Z. Sorption of naphthalene and 1-naphthol by biochars of orange peels with different pyrolytic temperatures[J]. Chemosphere, 2009, 76(1): 127-133.
[14] Chen B L, Yuan M X, Liu H. Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from aqueous solution using plant residue materials as a biosorbent[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011, 188(1-3): 436-442.
[15] Jonker M T O. Absorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to cellulose[J]. Chemosphere, 2008, 70(5): 778-782.
[16] Zhang M, Ahmad M, Lee S S, et al. Sorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to lignin: Effects of hydrophobicity and temperature[J]. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2014, 93(1): 84-88.
[17] Zhang M, Zhu L Z. Sorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to carbohydrates and lipids of ryegrass root and implications for a sorption prediction model[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2009, 43(8): 2740-2745.
[18] 陈再明, 陈宝梁, 周丹丹. 水稻秸秆生物碳的结构特征及其对有机污 染物的吸附性能[M]. 环境科学学报, 2013, 33(1): 9-19. Chen Zaiming, Chen Baoliang, Zhou Dandan. Composition and sorption properties of rice- straw derived biochars[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2013, 33(1): 9-19.
