浅层地热能与干热岩是地热能中最具潜力的部分,前者通过给建筑供暖(制冷)减少国家能源需求,后者则通过高温发电增加国家可再生能源供给,两者都具有资源潜力大、清洁环保的优势,其开发技术地源热泵与增强型地热系统也具有原理上的相似性。本文对比分析了浅层地温能与干热岩的基本概念、资源潜力、节能效果、经济效益、环境影响等,讨论了两者间的优缺点及开发前景,针对中国地热资源赋存特征及国家能源发展规划,提出了未来地热向深部发展的建议。
Shallow geothermal energy and hot dry rock have the most utilization potential among geothermal energy. The former is used to offer indoor heating or cooling to reduce the country's energy demands, and the latter is used to generated electricity to increase the national renewable energy supply. Both of them have tremendous potentials and are environmentally friendly, and the development technology named ground source heat pump and enhanced geothermal systems share some similarities. This paper compares the basic concept, resource potential, energy-saving effects, economic benefit and environmental impacts between shallow geothermal energy and hot dry rock, discussing their advantages and disadvantages and development prospects. Based on the characteristics of geothermal resources in China and the national planning on energy development, geothermal development is suggested to go deeper in the future.
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