小麦是中国最主要的粮食作物,主要分布在秦岭、淮河以北,长城以南,包括河南、河北、山东、陕西、山西、江苏、四川、安徽、湖北、黑龙江、新疆、甘肃、内蒙和西藏等省区。常年播种面积2400多万hm2,产量1.2亿t以上。但是目前随着全球气候变暖、水肥施用量的逐增以及栽培密度的加大等,小麦病害的发生和流行逐年加重,严重影响了小麦产量和粮食安全生产[1]。
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