干热岩被视为未来的清洁能源,是地热资源的重要组成部分,极具研究价值和开发前景。中国现阶段干热岩调查研究应遵循"面上开展,点上突破"的原则。基于"点上突破"原则,本文选取中国最新的火山群——五大连池火山群开展前期研究,通过搜集分析区域地质条件、岩石地球化学、深部CO2气体,区域地球物理资料,探讨了五大连池尾山地区存在干热岩的可能性。研究结果表明,五大连池火山属于非深源火山,具备存在干热岩的可能,热源机制属于岩浆余热型,第四纪火山岩浆囊所处的深度上限值为3.3~3.4 km。区内深部CO2气体来源于地幔岩浆冷却成岩过程中的脱排气作用,是幔源岩浆囊中岩浆结晶分异的结果。W8勘探孔及附近供水井发现高浓度CO2的事实表明,在尾山与五大连池农场七分场之间的地下可能存在正在冷却成岩的岩浆囊。
As an important part of geothermal resources, hot dry rock(HDR) is regarded as a clean energy for future, with a great research value and development prospect. In the present stage, HDR study in China should not only be carried out across the country, but also be focused on some key spots for breakthrough. According to this principle, this paper takes Wudalianchi volcanic area as a key spot for pilot study. Through analysis of the collected materials including regional geological conditions, rock geochemistry, deep CO2 gas, regional geophysical data, this paper discusses the existence possibility of HDR resources in Weishan volcanic area of Wudalianchi. The results show that Wudalianchi volcanoes are not deep volcanoes, which indicates the possibility of HDR existence with heat source from shallow residual magma. The ceiling of the quaternary volcanic magma capsule may possibly exist at a depth of 3.3~3.4 km or so. Deep source CO2 gas, widely discovered in the Wudalianchi volcanic area, is proven to be derived from the exhaust function of mantle magma, which is a diagenetic and cooling process and resulted frommagmatic crystallizing differentiation. The fact that high concentrations of CO2 are found around Well W8 indicates there may be cooling diagenetic magmatic capsule in the underground space between Weishan volcano and Wulianchi No.7 Farm.
[1] Idaho National Laboratory. The future of geothermal energy:Impact of Enhanced Geothermal Systems(EGS) on the United States in the 21st century[R/OL].[2015-01-31]. http://geo-energy.org/reports/future_geo_energy.pdf.
[2] 汪集暘, 胡圣标, 庞忠和, 等. 中国大陆干热岩地热资源潜力评估[J]. 科技导报, 2012, 30(32):26-31. Wang Jiyang, Hu Shengbiao, Pang Zhonghe, et al. Estimate of geothermal resources potential for hot dry rock in the continental area of China[J]. Science and Technology Review, 2012, 30(32):26-31.
[3] 范建勇, 马峰. 全国地热资源调查评价取得重要进展[N]. 国土资源报, 2014-11-24. Fan Jianyong, Ma Feng. Important process made in national geothermal survey and evaluation[N]. Land and Resources News, 2014-11-24.
[4] 王允鹏, 于海明. 五大连池矿水水文地质特征及成因初步探讨[R]//中国黑龙江五大连池火山与矿泉科技论文选编. 2000. Wang Yunpeng, Yu Haiming. Characteristics and formation mechanism of the mineral water in Wudalianchi area[R]//Collected Papers for Wudalianchi Volcanoes and Mineral Water. 2000.
[5] 小仓勉(日). 龙江省五大连池火山地质调查报告[R]. 旅顺:旅顺工科大学, 1936. Tsutomu Ogura. Report for volcanic geological survey in Wudalianchi, Longjiang Province[R]. Lüshun:Lüshun University of Technology, 1936.
[6] 毛翔, 李江海, 高危言, 等. 黑龙江五大连池火山群火山分布与断裂关系新认识[J]. 高校地质学报, 2010, 16(2):226-235. Mao Xiang, Li Jianghai, Gao Weiyan, et al. Vent distribution of Wudalianchi volcanoes Heilongjiang Province, China and its relation to fault[J]. Geological Journal of China Universities, 2010, 16(2):226-235.
[7] 巩杰生. 小古里河-科洛-五大连池火山带[J]. 黑龙江地质, 1997, 8(4):29-33. Gong Jiesheng. Xiaogulihe-Keluo-Wudalianchi volcanic belt[J]. Heilongijang Geology, 1997, 8(4):29-33.
[8] 刘嘉麒. 论中国东北大裂谷的形成与演化[J]. 地质科学, 1989(3):209-221. Liu Jiaqi. Formation and evolution of the great valley in NE China J]. Geological Science, 1989(3):209-221.
[9] 邵济安, 张文兰, 张聪. 五大连池火山岩带的地幔富集作用[J]. 岩石学报, 2008, 24(11):2485-2494. Shao Ji'an, Zhang Wenlan, Zhang Cong. Mantle enrichment of Wudalianchi volcanic rock belt[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2008, 24(11):2485-2494.
[10] 邱家骧, 廖群安, 刘蒙华, 等. 五大连池-科洛-二克山富钾火山岩[M]. 武汉:中国地质大学出版社, 1991:204-207. Qiu Jiaxiang, Liao Qun'an, Liu Menghua, et al. Wudalianchi-Keluo-Erkeshan potash-rich volcanic rock[M]. Wuhan:Press for China University of Geoscience, 1991:204-207.
[11] 夏林圻. 论五大连池火山岩浆演化[J]. 岩石学报, 1990(1):13-29. Xia Linqi. Evolution of volcanic magma in Wudalianchi[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 1990(1):13-29.
[12] 詹艳, 赵国泽, 白登海, 等. 黑龙江五大连池火山群大地电磁探测和研究初步结果[J]. 地质论评, 1999, 45(增1):400-408. Zhan Yan, Zhao Guoze, Bai Denghai, et al. Tentative results of MT exploration in Wudalianchi volcanoes, Heilongjiang Province[J]. Geological Review, 1999, 45(Suppl 1):400-408.
[13] 詹艳, 赵国泽, 王继军, 等. 黑龙江五大连池火山群地壳电性结构[J]. 岩石学报, 2006, 22(6):1494-1502. Zhan Yan, Zhao Guoze, Wang Jijun, et al. Crustal electric conductivity structure for Wudalianchi volcanic cluster in the Heilongijang province, China[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2006, 22(6):1494-1502.
[14] 张风雪, 吴庆举, 李永华. 中国东北地区远震S波走时层析成像研究[J]. 地球物理学报, 2014, 57(1):88-101. Zhang Fengxue, Wuqing Ju, Li Yonghua. A traveltime tomography study by teleseismic S wave data in the NE China area[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2014, 57(1):88-101.
[15] 胡世玲, 王松山, 刘嘉麒, 等. 五大连池新生代玄武岩的K-Ar年龄和锶、氧同位素特征[C]//岩石学研究:第2辑. 北京:地质出版社, 1983:22-29. Hu Shiling, Wang Songshan, Liu Jiaqi, et al. Age of K-Ar and isotopic characteristics of strontium and oxygen in Wudalianchi Cenozoic volcanic lava rocks[C]//Petrographic Study, Vol 2. Beijing:Geological Press, 1983:22-29.
[16] 孔令昌, 赵谊. 五大连池火山地区某些惰性气体同位素比值的研究[J]. 地震地质, 1993, 15(1):88-90. Kong Lingchang, Zhao Yi. Isotopic ratio study on some inert gas in Wudalianchi volcanic area[J]. Seismic Geology, 1993, 15(1):88-90.
[17] 杜建国, 李圣强, 刘连柱, 等. 五大连池火山区气体地球化学特征[J]. 地球化学, 1999年(2):171-176. Du Jianguo, Li Shengqiang, Liu Lianzhu, et al. Geochemical characteristics of gas in Wudalianchi area[J]. Geochmistry, 1999(2):171-176.
[18] 何家雄, 祝有海, 崔莎莎, 等. 南海北部边缘盆地CO2成因及运聚规律与资源化利用思路[J]. 天然气地球化学, 2009(4):488-496. He Jiaxiong, Zhu Youhai, Cui Shasha, et al. Formation, transport and accumulation rules of CO2 gas in the northern basin edge of Southern Sea and ideas for utilization[J]. Natural Gas Geochemistry, 2009(4):488-496.