动力电池作为电动汽车的核心关键零部件,其技术水平及产业发展对电动汽车的规模化应用意义重大。在研发方面,美国、日本、德国、韩国及中国分别制定了动力电池的国家发展规划,提出了动力电池技术的研发方向和相关指标;在产业方面,锂离子动力电池作为主流技术产品主要应用于纯电驱动汽车(包括纯电动汽车及插电式混合动力汽车)领域,中、日、韩3国电池企业是锂离子动力电池的主要供应商和竞争者,产品涉及不同的材料体系、不同的容量及不同的工艺路线,能量密度范围为89~245 (W·h)/kg,并形成一定的产业规模;在产业未来发展趋势方面,提出了锂离子动力电池预期实现产业化的材料体系及电池单体的相关技术指标,指出了动力电池产业面临的问题,表明在装备、材料、系统集成以及评价方面需要进一步加强。
Traction battery, as a key component, plays an important role in the mass application of electric vehicles. In the field of its R&D, US, Japan, Germany, Korea and China have all formulated their national-level plans for traction batteries respectively. In the field of traction battery industrialization, lithium-ion battery is the mainstream product, and China, Japan and Korea are the three major suppliers and competitors. Their products involve different material chemistries, capacities and manufacturing processes, the energy density ranges from 89 to 245 (W·h)/kg, and mass production is realized. The category of material chemistry and related technical parameters have also been proposed for the future traction battery industrialization. Issues faced by manufacturing equipment, material chemistry, system integration and evaluation for the traction battery are pointed out at the end of this overview.
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