汽车共享是一种创新的商业模式。介绍了近年来全球汽车共享市场的发展概况、北美地区汽车共享业务的快速发展态势;引入法国AUTOLIB、中国EVCARD两个电动汽车共享商业运营案例,借助大数据分析,对其运营模式与消费者特征开展研究与比较,并重点对两者的电动汽车共享出行成本进行了较为深入的分析。相关计算结果表明,AUTOLIB与EVCARD在会员性别与年龄结构、单次平均租车行驶里程、单次平均行驶车速等方面均具有较大的相似性,而单日用车时间分布则体现了消费者用车需求的差异。此外,相比较出租车出行成本,单次出行时长超过25 min后,EVCARD的价格比较优势相当显著,仅为同城出租车价格的50%,AUTOLIB则保持在70%的水平,从某种程度上揭示了2个商业项目不同的发展特征与阶段。

Car-sharing is an innovative business model. First, this paper presents an overview of global car-sharing development in recent years, and its rapid development in North America. Then, the paper compares, through big data analysis, the operation modes and consumer characteristics of French AUTOLIB and Chinese EVCARD, the two commercial cases of electric car-sharing. This is followed by a deeper analysis of the travel costs of the aforementioned two kinds of electric car-sharing. According to relevant computations, it is shown that AUTOLIB and EVCARD have great similarity in membership's gender structure, age distribution, average single rental mileage, and average single trip speed, and that both membership's daily lease time distributions display different consumption purposes. Besides, in comparison with taxi fares, it is found out that once a single trip time overpasses 25 minutes EVCARD has quite remarkable price competitive advantage which is only 50% price of the same city taxi fares, while the figure of AUTOLIB is 70%. In some degree this research reveals the difference between AUTOLIB and EVCARD regarding development feature and stage.