2015年,以OneWeb和SpaceX为代表的"新兴卫星互联网星座"不断涌现。本文回顾了20世纪90年代至今"卫星互联网星座"的发展历程,分析了不同时期各个星座的发展特点,探讨了影响卫星互联网星座成功与否的关键因素。从市场定位、盈利方式、卫星制造、发射、融资等方面分析了新兴互联网星座的优势和风险,并预测了其未来可能的机遇与挑战。分析表明,新兴互联网星座的发展不会是历史的简单重复,将对未来卫星通信产业、卫星运营、卫星制造和传统航天企业的发展带来重要影响。结合中国卫星通信产业发展情况提出了相关启示和建议。
In 2015, OneWeb and SpaceX were developed as the Emerging Satellite Internet Constellation Projects among others. This paper reviews the development of the satellite internet constellation since the 1990s, and discusses the characteristics of different ones in different periods and the key factors that affect the success of the projects. This paper also makes an analysis of their advantages & risks on the context of the market positioning, the profit model, the satellite manufacturing, the satellite launching and the financing. The past failure lessons are used to evaluate the future new constellations. It is pointed out that the future development of emerging internet constellations will not simply repeat the past patterns. The emerging satellite constellations would have positive influences on the traditional satellite communication industry, the satellite operation, the satellite manufacturing and industry development concepts.
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