农业发展历史表明，几千年来的农业是以生物质的作物果实和畜禽肉蛋奶为生产对象的，而占生物量60%的作物秸秆和畜禽粪便只是“农业废弃物”。现代生物质转化技术则可以将这些“农业废弃物”以及所有可利用的生物质转化为种类繁多的生物质能源和生物基产品并再获大幅增值。这是对农业新资源的开发和资源的循环利用，是在污染物的无害化和资源化利用中保护环境，并生产种类繁多的绿色产品。因此，农业在从事种植和养殖的同时，应将“非粮生物质”纳入农业生产系统，由“半生物质农业”或“部分生物质农业”发展到“全生物质农业”或“全生物质利用农业”。

Based on the viewpoint of agricultural history, the author proposed a concept of "Whole Biomass Agriculture" that is contrary to the traditional agriculture whose biomass harvest only used by about half in forms of seeds, fruits, meets, eggs and milk, in the past thousands of years. In traditional agriculture, the residues and excretion of livestock are mere agro-wastes, on the contrary, modern bioconversion technologies could convert them and all available biomass into bioenergy and bio-based materials, and receives much value-add benefits. Such model of agriculture can tap new resources from wastes even pollutants through recycling process, and realize "winwin" results of substances reutilization and environmental protection. Bioenergy and bio-based materials are made from crop straw, livestock excretion, forestry residues, organic wastes of processing industry, MSW, as well as energy plants grown on marginal land. Such a "nonfood″ biomass system is of same nature of life process as common agriculture, with biological production and bioproducts as its system functions. It is then suggested that ″non-food″ biomass should be involved in modern agricultural production system, and promotes "Half Biomass Agriculture" or "Part Biomass Agriculture" into "Whole Biomass Agriculture" or "Biomass All-Used Agriculture". Five 'non-food' biomass industry chains and growth points that could be commercialization were also proposed in the paper.