因为实验室验证缺乏单因子假设，而野外实验存在成本高昂、难以重复和数据“噪音”，适合生态学假说判决性实验的验证方法成为制约生态学发展一般理论的瓶颈之一。本文介绍了生态学假说验证的源起，分析了判决性实验验证方法的作用，论述了生态学假说的实验室验证、野外实验验证方法的理论、实践及发展，探讨了Fraser 等于2013 年提出的协同分布式实验（CDEs）这一生态学野外实验的操作规范和国内案例。
Because lack of hypothesis of single factor in test of lab and exist high cost, hard-to-reduplicated and data "noise" in field experiment, one of the bottlenecks to limit the development of ecology is the suitable test method of ecological hypothesis' decisive experiment. This paper introduces the origin of test of ecological hypothesis, analysis function of test method of decisive experiment, demonstrates the test in lab and the theory, exercise and development of test method of field experiment of ecological hypothesis, and, discusses the operation criteria of ecological field experiment (coordinated distributed experiments, CDEs), proposed by Fraser et al (2013), and native case (CARE-China).
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