回顾了国际原子能机构环境取样分析技术的产生背景和发展历程，介绍了目前主要应用的环境取样分析技术，分析了环境取样分析技术在全面保障监督和探知非法核活动中所起的重要作用。
This paper reviews the background and the development of the Environmental Sampling (ES) technique in the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), including the major ES techniques and the major effort of the IAEA to strengthen the nuclear safeguards. The techiniques of detecting illegal nuclear activities are also discussed.
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