研究论文

中新世礁相碳酸盐岩沉积构成及成礁模式——以西沙海域为例

  • 赵新伟 ,
  • 许红
展开
  • 1. 中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083;
    2. 中国地质调查局青岛海洋地质研究所, 国土资源部油气资源和环境地质重点实验室, 青岛 266071
赵新伟,博士研究生,研究方向为沉积学与层序地层学,电子信箱:zhaoxinwei268@163.com

收稿日期: 2015-08-15

  修回日期: 2015-10-10

  网络出版日期: 2016-10-21

基金资助

国家油气重大专项项目(2011ZX05025-002-04)

Sedimentary composition and forming models of Miocene reef carbonate: A case study of Xisha waters

  • ZHAO Xinwei ,
  • XU Hong
Expand
  • 1. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geoscience, Beijing 100083, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon Resources and Environmental Geology, MLR;Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, CGS, Qingdao 266071, China

Received date: 2015-08-15

  Revised date: 2015-10-10

  Online published: 2016-10-21

摘要

结合最新钻井、地震资料,剖析了中新世生物礁体沉积构成以及成礁演化模式。揭示了研究区造礁生物主要为钙藻,其次为六射珊瑚,附礁生物以有孔虫和介形虫为主。根据是否发育造礁生物将岩石分为礁格架-骨架岩和非礁格架-骨架岩2类,前者包括珊瑚藻格架和珊瑚骨架焦白云岩及红藻-仙掌藻白云岩2种,非礁骨架岩分为生物碎屑灰岩、粒泥灰岩和泥粒灰岩3种。沉积相包括礁格架相、礁坪相、礁后滩相、泻湖相和生物碎屑滩相5种。中新世生物礁是在相对海平面不断上升的背景下沉积演化的,属于加积-退积型生物礁沉积旋回,礁体发育期可分为奠基、初始繁盛、顶峰、暴露衰退4个阶段,暴露衰退末期发生强烈的白云化作用,淡水淋滤溶蚀作用形成较好的储集层。

本文引用格式

赵新伟 , 许红 . 中新世礁相碳酸盐岩沉积构成及成礁模式——以西沙海域为例[J]. 科技导报, 2016 , 34(18) : 194 -202 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2016.18.027

Abstract

The characteristics of sedimentary composition and evolution models of the Miocene reef are studied by combining the latest drilling data and seismic data. The reef-building organisms in the studied area are mainly calcareous alga, followed by hexacorallia; and accessory reef organisms mainly consist of the foraminifera and ostracod. According to the development of reef-building organism rocks which can be divided into reef skeleton-framestone and non-reef skeleton-framestone, the former includes red coral and reef framework dolomite and red algal-halimedadolomite, and the non-reef skeleton-framestone mainly consists of bioclastic limestone, grain of marl and packstone. The sedimentary facies include reef framework, reef flat, lagoon, backreef bank and bioclastic facies. The sedimentary evolution of Miocene organic reef follows the rising of the relative sea level, then a set of aggradation-retrogradation reef sedimentary cycles. The reef development can be mainly divided into four stages:the foundation, initial prosperity, peak and expose recession. During the fourth stage for reef and development, the favorable reservoir in studied area was formed by extensive dolomitization of exposure shoals.

参考文献

[1] 范嘉松. 中国生物礁与油气[M]. 北京:海洋出版社, 1996. Fan J S. The ancient organic reefs of China and their relations to oil and gas[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 1996.
[2] 陆亚秋,龚一鸣. 海相油气区生物礁研究现状、问题与展望[J]. 地球科学. 2007, 32(6):871-878. Lu Yaqiu, Gong Yiming. On reefs in association withmarine oilfields:Actuality, problems and prospects[J]. Earth Science, 2007, 32(6):871-878.
[3] Fournier F, Borgomano J, Montaggioni L F. Development patterns and controlling factors of Tertiary carbonate buildups:Insights from high-resolution 3D seismic and well data in the Malampaya gas field (Offshore Palawan, Philippines)[J]. Sedimentary Geology. 2005, 175(1-4):189-215.
[4] 胡明毅,魏欢,邱小松,等. 鄂西利川见天坝长兴组生物礁内部构成及成礁模式[J]. 沉积学报. 2012,30(1):33-42. Hu Mingyi, Wei Huan, Qiu Xiaosong, et al. Reef composition and their forming models of Chang xing formation in Jiantianba Section of Lichuan, Western Hubei[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2012,30(1):33-42.
[5] 龚再升. 生物礁是南海北部深水区的重要勘探领域[J]. 中国海上油气, 2009, 21(5):289-295. Gong Zaisheng. Reef:an important exploration realm in the deep-water areas, the northern South China Sea[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2009, 21(5):289-295.
[6] Riding R. Structure and composition of organic reefs and carbonate mud mounds:concepts and categories[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2002, 58(1-2):163-231.
[7] Flügel E, Keissling W. A new look at ancient reviews on reefs[C]//Kiessling W, Flügel E, Golonka J. Phanerozoic Reef Patterns. SEPM Special Publications, 2002:3-10.
[8] Heckel P H. Carbonate buildups in the geologic record:A review[C]//Laporte L F. Reefs in time and space. Vol. 18. Tulsa:Spec Publ, 1974:90-155.
[9] Wood R. Are reefs and mud mounds really so different?[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2001, 145(3-4):161-171.
[10] 许红,王玉净等. 西沙中新世生物地层和藻类的造礁作用与生物礁演变特征[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1999:1-180. Xu Hong, Wang Yujing, et al. The miocene biostratigraphy, algae reefbuilding and evolution characteristics in Xisha Waters[M]. Beijing:Science Press,1999:1-180.
[11] 魏喜,贾承造,孟卫工,等. 南海西沙海域西琛1井生物礁的性质及岩石学特征[J]. 地质通报. 2008, 27(11):1933-1938. Wei Xi, Jia Chengzao, Meng Weigong, et al. Biogenetic reefs and its petrological characteristics of well Xichen 1, Xisha sea area, China[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2008, 27(11):1933-1938.
[12] 马玉波,吴时国,杜晓慧,等. 西沙碳酸盐岩建隆发育模式及其主控因素[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质. 2011,31(04):59-67. Ma Yubo, Wu Shiguo, Du Xiaohui, et al. Evolutionary model and control factors of Xisha carbonate buildup[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2011,31(4):59-67.
[13] Wu S, Yang Z, Wang D, et al. Architecture, development and geological control of the Xisha carbonate platforms, northwestern South China Sea[J]. Marine Geology, 2014, 350:71-83
[14] 匡增桂,郭依群,王嘹亮,等. 西沙海域晚中新世环礁体系的发现及演化[J]. 中国科学:地球科学, 2014, 44(12):2675-2688. Kuang Zenggui, Guo Yiqun, Wang Liaoliang, et al. Evolution of the Late Miocene atoll systems offshore Xisha islands[J]. Science China:Earth Sciences, 2014. 44(12):2675-2688
[15] Tsai C, Hsu S, Yeh Y, et al. Crustal thinning of the Northern continental margin of the South China Sea[J]. Marine Geophysical Researches, 2004, 25(1-2):63-78.
[16] 许红,蔡峰,王玉净,等. 西沙中新世生物礁演化与藻类的造礁作用[J]. 科学通报. 1999, 44(13):1435-1439. Xu Hong, Cai Feng, Wang Yujing, et al. The algae reef-building and Miocene organic reef evolution in Xisha[J]. Science Bulletin, 1999, 44(13):1435-1439.
[17] Flügel E, Kiessling W. A new look at ancient reefs[C]//Kiessing W, Flügel E, Golonka J. Phanerozoic reef patterns. SEPM Special Publications, 2002, 72:3-10.
[18] 曾鼎乾. 南海北部大陆架第三纪生物礁研究及礁油藏勘探历史的回顾[J]. 南海石油. 1989, 6(3):1-7. Zeng Dingqian. Studies of Tertiary reef and historical reviews on the reef reservoir exploration in continental shelf, northern South China Sea[J]. South China Sea Oil. 1989, 6(3):1-7.
[19] 张明书,何起祥,业治铮. 西沙生物礁碳酸盐沉积地质学研究[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1989:1-117. Zhang Mingshu, He Qixiang, Ye Zhizheng. Studies of sedimentary geology of reef carbonate in the Xisha Ilands[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 1989:1-117
[20] 王玉净,勾韵娴,章炳高,等. 西沙群岛西琛一井中新世地层、古生物群和古环境研究[J]. 微体古生物学报, 1996, 13(3):215-223. Wang Yujing, Gou Yunxian, Zhang Binggao, et al. Studies of Miocene strata, biota and palaeoenvironment from Xi-Chen No.1 hole in Xisha islands[J]. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 1996, 13(3):215-223.
[21] 张宝民,刘静江,边立曾,等. 礁滩体与建设性成岩作用[J]. 地学前缘. 2009, 16(1):270-289. Zhang Baomin, Liu Jingjiang, Bian Lizeng, et al. Reef-banks and reservoir-constructive diagenesis[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2009, 16(1):270-289.
[22] 初广震. 塔里木盆地寒武-奥陶系碳酸盐岩微相与成岩作用研究[D]. 北京:中国地质大学(北京), 2010. Chu Guangzhen. Microfacies and diagenesis research of canbro-ordovician carbonate rocks in Tarim basin[D]. Beijing:China University of Geosciences, 2010.
[23] 赵强. 西沙群岛海域生物礁碳酸盐岩沉积学研究[D]. 北京:中国科学院海洋研究所, 2010. Zhao Qiang. The sedimentary research about reef carbonatite in Xisha islands waters[D]. Beijing:Institute of Oceanology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2010.
[24] Moore C H. Carbonate reservoirs-porosity evolution and diagenesis in sequence stratigraphic framework[M]. Elsevier Science, 2001:1-461.
[25] Yubo M, Shiguo W, Fuliang L, et al. Seismic characteristics and development of the Xisha carbonate platforms, northern margin of the South China Sea[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. 2011, 40(3):770-783.
文章导航

/