2012年，研究人员提出了一种将机械能转化为电能的摩擦纳米发电机（TENG），该技术近年来得到了飞速发展，实现了对人体运动能、风能、声波能、海洋能等各种机械能的收集。其中植入式摩擦纳米发电机（iTENG）可将生物体内的心跳、呼吸肌运动等生物机械能转化为电能并驱动有源植入式医疗器件，可显著提高可植入式医疗器件的使用寿命，在未来植入式医疗行业中有着潜在的应用前景。本文综述了iTENG的结构、工作原理、输出性能及其在有源植入式医疗器件供能应用等方面的最新研究进展，并在此基础上进一步分析iTENG应用到临床治疗所面临的挑战。
The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) developed in 2012 converts the mechanical energy into the electrical energy. The mechanical energy is used for human body motion, wind blow, sound vibration and ocean fluctuation. The implanted TENG (iTENG) can convert the biological mechanical motion into the electrical energy in vivo and power the implantable active medical devices. The biological mechanical motion includes the heartbeat and respiratory muscle movement. This technology can extend the service life of implanted electronic devices and has a wide potential applications in medical industry. This paper reviews the latest research progress in iTENG's structure, working principle, output performance and its applications in powering the implantable active medical devices. Additionally, a further analysis is made on the challenges of iTENG's applications in clinical treatment.
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