实验动物主要分为3类，即常规实验动物，自发突变实验动物和基因工程实验动物。实验动物模型对生命科学、医学等相关学科的发展具有重要的支撑作用。中国实验动物科学起步较晚，但随着国家科研经费投入的增加，中国逐步形成了自己的研发体系和实验动物资源，在特定领域有超过美日的趋势。本文概括介绍了国内外常见实验动物模型，旨在为促进中国实验动物学科的发展提供参考。
The laboratory animals mainly involve three categories, namely, the conventional laboratory animals, the spontaneous mutation laboratory animals and the genetic engineering laboratory animals. The laboratory animal models play an important role in the development of life sciences, medical sciences and other related disciplines. The laboratory animal science in China started relatively late, but with the increase of the national funding, China has gradually developed its own research and development system and laboratory animal resources, and is catching up with the United States and Japan in specific fields. This paper reviews the commonly-used laboratory animal models at home and abroad, in order to provide a reference for the development of the laboratory animal science in China.
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