基于构建的中国省级环境绩效评估方法学,定量评估了中国30个省级地区2004—2013年的环境绩效发展趋势,分析了各省级地区的环境绩效变化规律、环境绩效与经济发展水平的规律关系、影响省级地区环境绩效表现的关键性指标及中国东、中、西部地区环境绩效的空间异质性特征。研究结果表明,中国各省级地区环境绩效呈现一定波动性,环境绩效总体呈现持续改进趋势;环境绩效空间格局特征总体呈现东部好于中部、中部好于西部的梯度格局;生态保护指标是东部地区的短板。提出中西部地区在推进城镇化时,要加强对水源河流的管理、重视生态环境规划建设、提高资源利用效率、加大环境治理投入力度等建议。
The paper focuses on the quantitative assessment of the environmental performance trends of 30 provincial regions in China in 2004-2013 based on an established methodology, including the changing trends of the provincial environmental performance, the relationship between the environmental performance and the economic development level of the provincial regions, the key factors that influence the provincial environmental performance, and the spatial heterogeneity distribution patterns of the provincial environmental performance index. It is shown that the China's provincial environmental performance sees a certain fluctuation, overally with a progress trend; the spatial distribution patterns of the environmental performance see a gradient trend with the eastern part better than that of the central part, and the central part better than the western part. The ecological protection performance index score is the weak part of the eastern region. And it is suggested that the central and western regions should promote the urbanization, strengthen the river management, emphasize the implementation of the eco-environmental planning, improve the resource utilization efficiency, and increase the environmental investment.
[1] Zheng D, Minjun S. Multiple environmental policies and pollu-tion haven hypothesis:Evidence from China's polluting indus-tries[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017, 141(10):295-304.
[2] Liu Y, Liu J, Zhou Y. Spatio-temporal patterns of rural poverty in China and targeted poverty alleviation strategies[J]. Journal of Rural Studies, 2017, 52:66-75.
[3] Sabrina O, Dabo G. China's toxic informal e-waste recycling:Local approaches to a global environmental problem[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016, 114:71-80.
[4] Somchint P, Thammarat K. Environmental performance indica-tors as the key for eco-industrial parks in Thailand[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017, 156:614-623.
[5] Wu W, Yan S, Feng R. Development of an environmental per-formance indicator framework to evaluate management effective-ness for Jiaozhou Bay Coastal Wetland Special Marine Protect-ed Area, Qingdao, China[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2017, 142:71-89.
[6] Cheshmehzangi A, Zhu Y, Li B. Application of environmental performance analysis for urban design with Computational Flu-id Dynamics (CFD) and EcoTect tools:The case of Cao Fei Di-an eco-city, China[J]. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 2017, 6(1):102-112.
[7] Moana S, Stefan P, Richard W, et al. Correlation between pro-duction and consumption-based environmental indicators:The link to affluence and the effect on ranking environmental perfor-mance of countries[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2017, 76:317-323.
[8] Jimeno A F, Laura E, Claudiu F, et al. Spatial heterogeneity for environmental performance and resilient behavior in energy and transportation systems[J]. Computers, Environment and Ur-ban Systems, 2017, 62:136-145.
[9] Zuo X, Hua H, Dong Z F, et al. Environmental performance in-dex at provincial level for China 2006-2011[J]. Ecological Indi-cators, 2017, 75:48-56.
[10] Yale University. 2016 Environmental performance index[EB/OL].[2017-09-10]. http://epi.yale.edu.
[11] 曹颖, 张象枢. 云南省环境绩效评估指标体系构建[J]. 环境保护, 2006(1):61-63. Cao Ying, Zhang Xiangshu. Study on index system of Yunnan environmental performance assessment[J]. Environmental Pro-tection, 2006(1):61-63.
[12] 曹国志, 王金南, 曹东, 等. 关于政府环境绩效管理的思考[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2010(5):215-218. Cao Guozhi, Wang Jinnan, Cao Dong, et al. Thinking about the government's environmental performance management[J]. China's Population, Resources and Environment, 2010(5):215-218.
[13] 王金凤, 刘臣辉, 任晓明. 基于层次分析法的城市环境绩效评估研究[J]. 环境科学与管理, 2011(6):171-173. Wang Jinfeng, Liu Chenhui, Ren Xiaoming. Research on ur-ban environmental performance evaluation based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP)[J]. Environmental Science and Man-agement, 2011(6):171-173.
[14] 彭靓宇, 徐鹤. 基于PSR模型的区域环境绩效评估研究——以天津市为例[J]. 生态经济, 2013(1):358-362. Peng Liangyu, Xu He. The study of regional environmental per-formance evaluation based on the PSR model:Take Tianjin as an example[J]. Ecological Economy, 2013(1):358-362.
[15] Dong Z F, Wu Q, et al. Environmental indicator development in China:Debates and challenges ahead[J]. Environmental De-velopment, 2013, 7(1):125-127.
[16] 董战峰, 张欣, 郝春旭. 2014年全球环境绩效指数(EPI)分析与思考[J]. 环境保护, 2015, 43(2):55-59. Dong Zhanfeng, Zhang Xin, Hao Chunxu. 2014 global envi-ronmental performance index (EPI) analysis and consideration[J]. Environmental Protection. 2015, 43(2):55-59.
[17] 董战峰, 郝春旭, 王婷, 等. 中国省级区域环境绩效评价方法研究[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2016, 38(2):154-157. Dong Zhanfeng, Hao Chunxu, Wang Ting, et al. Study on the evaluation method of regional environmental performance in China[J]. Environmental Pollution & Control. 2016, 38(2):154-157.