中国科学家孙强研究团队利用类似克隆羊多莉的体细胞克隆技术，在国际上率先获得了克隆猴的成功，这一成果于2018年1月25日发表在《Cell》上。本文回顾了克隆猴的技术流程和难点、体细胞克隆动物简史及国内外克隆猴不成功的历史，点评了克隆猴成功的关键和意义，指出需要更多的实验室来推动该技术的优化。
Scientists in China have produced the first cloned primates by a technique similar to the one used to clone Dolly the sheep and nearly two dozen other species. The breakthrough was published in Cell on 25 January. This review described the techniques process and a brief history of cloning animal. The history failed to produce live primates until now. The group of Sun Qiang optimized reprogramming developed by other groups. One trick was to undo chemical modifications in the DNA that occur when embryonic cells turn into specialized cells. The success of cloned monkey offer some significant advantages to study human neuropathy model. More Labs are needed to promote the optimization of the technology.
[1] Zhen L, Cai Y, Yan W, et al. Cloning of macaque monkeys by somatic cell nuclear transfer[J]. Cell, 2018, 172(4):1-7.
[2] David Cyranoski. Monkeys cloned in China[J]. Nature, 2018, 553:387-388.
[3] Meng L, Ely J J, Stouffer R L, et al. Rhesus monkeys produced by nuclear transfer.[J]. Biology of Reproduction, 1997, 57(2):454-459.
[4] Mitalipov S M, Yeoman R R, Nusser K D, et al. Rhesus monkey embryos produced by nuclear transfer from embryonic blastomeres or somatic cells[J]. Biology of Reproduction, 2002, 66(5):1367-1373.
[5] Ng S C, Chen N, Yip W Y, et al. The first cell cycle after transfer of somatic cell nuclei in a non-human primate[J]. Development, 2004, 131(10):2475-2484.
[6] Michelle L S, Masahito T, Shoukhrat M M. Cloning of non-human primates:the road "less traveled by"[J]. International Journal of Developmental Biology, 2010, 54(11-12):1671-1678.
[7] Mitalipov S M, Zhou Q, Byrne J A, et al. Reprogramming following somatic cell nuclear transfer in primates is dependent upon nuclear remodeling[J]. Human Reproduction, 2007, 22(8):2232-2242.
[8] Yang J, Yang S, Beaujean N, et al. Epigenetic marks in cloned rhesus monkey embryos:Comparison with counterparts produced in vitro.[J]. Biology of Reproduction, 2007, 76(1):36-42.
[9] Matoba S, Liu Y, Lu F, et al. Embryonic development following somatic cell nuclear transfer impeded by persisting histone methylation[J]. Cell, 2014, 159(4):884-895.
[10] Liu W, Liu X, Wang C, et al. Identification of key factors conquering developmental arrest of somatic cell cloned embryos by combining embryo biopsy and single-cell sequencing[J]. Cell Discovery, 2016, 2:16010.
[11] Kishigami S, Mizutani E, Ohta H, et al. Significant improvement of mouse cloning technique by treatment with trichostatin A after somatic nuclear transfer[J]. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications, 2006, 340(1):183-189.
