介绍了海上应急通信的特点，论述了国内外各类海上应急通信手段的发展历程，分析了国内海上应急通信技术的现状和不足。针对各类海洋活动急迫的应急通信需求，提出了天（卫星）、空（无人机）、岸（海岸和岛礁站点）、海（舰船）、潜（水下）5种手段构成的一体化应急通信系统建设思路，归纳了典型场景的海上应急通信应用模式，探索了国内后续海上应急通信技术和体系发展的思路。
This paper systematically analyzes the features of the emergency communication, the evolution of the marine emergency communication technologies at home and abroad, and the current situation and problems of the marine emergency communication in China. To meet the demands of the emergency communication in various marine activities, an integrative constructive idea of the emergency communication system is proposed, with the sky, the outer space, the coast and shore, the sea surface and the underwater integrated. On this basis, the emergency communication application patterns in the corresponding classic marine emergency scenes are discussed, to provide a reference for the development of the marine emergency communication technology and the system establishment in the near feature.
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