临近空间太阳能无人机飞行时间长、飞行高度高，结合通信载荷可在临近空间形成空中通信服务系统，在应急通信领域具有巨大的应用前景。介绍了国内外太阳能无人机平台的发展现状及其在通信方面的应用情况，通过分析基于太阳能无人机的通信系统的特点、应用方向，提出了基于太阳能无人机通信系统的3种典型应用场景，探讨了其关键技术及效益。研究表明，利用太阳能无人机平台可构建临近空间通信系统，实现持久广域的通信覆盖，使用灵活，可在应急通信领域发挥重要作用。
The solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) flying at the near space enjoy a long flight time and a high flight height. The air communication service system can be established when the solar-powered UAVs carry the communication loads and it has a great application prospect in the field of the emergency communication. This paper reviews the development of the solar-powered UAVs platform at home and abroad and the application in the area of communication. By analyzing the characteristics and the application directions of the communication system based on the solar-powered UAVs, three typical applications and their key technologies and benefits are analyzed. It is shown that the near space communication system can be constructed by using the solar-powered UAVs. The communication system can be used for the long-term wide area and is flexible in use. And it will play an important role in the field of the emergency communication.
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