自1999年退耕还林还草政策实施以来，黄土高原的植被覆盖显著增加，有效遏制了该区水土流失。目前黄土高原的植被净初级生产力已经接近该区水资源承载力阈值，进一步扩大该区植被建设面积将不可避免地加剧水资源短缺等问题。为进一步巩固退耕还林成果，黄土高原未来的植被建设应从扩大面积向提升质量转变。
Since the implementation of the "Grain for Green Program" by Chinese government in 1999, the vegetation coverage of the Loess Plateau has increased significantly, which has effectively prevented the soil erosion in this region. The latest research shows that the vegetation net primary productivity (NPP) in the Loess Plateau has already approached the threshold of the regional water resource carrying capacity, thus a further expansion of the vegetation area will inevitably aggravate the situation of water shortage in this region. To further consolidate the achievements of "Grain for Green Program", the future vegetation construction in the Loess Plateau should change from expanding the area to improving the quality.
[1] 刘爽, 宫鹏. 2000-2010年中国地表植被绿度变化[J]. 科学通报, 2012, 57(16):1423-1434. Liu Shuang, Gong Peng. Change of surface cover greenness in China between 2000 and 2010[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2012, 57(16):1423-1434.
[2] Chen Y P, Wang K B, Lin Y S, et al. Balancing green and grain trade[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2015, 8(10):739-741.
[3] Wang S, Fu B J, Piao S L, et al. Reduced sediment transport in the Yellow River due to anthropogenic changes[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2015, 9(1):38-42.
[4] Feng X M, Fu B J, Piao S L, et al. Revegetation in China's Loess Plateau is approaching sustainable water resource limits[J]. Nature Climate Change, 2016, 6(11):1019-1022.
[5] 刘国彬, 上官周平, 姚文艺, 等. 黄土高原生态工程的生态成效[J].中国科学院院刊, 2017, 32(1):11-19. Liu Guobin, Shangguan Zhouping, Yao Wenyi, et al. Ecological effects of soil conservation in Loess Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2017, 32(1):11-19.
[6] 王云强. 黄土高原地区土壤干层的空间分布与影响因素[D]. 北京:中国科学院研究生院, 2010. Wang Yunqiang. Spatial distribution and influencing factors of soil dry layer in the Loess Plateau[D]. Beijing:Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2010.
[7] Wang Y Q, Shao M A, Zhu Y J, et al. Impacts of land use and plant characteristics on dried soil layers in different climatic regions on the Loess Plateau of China[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2011, 151(4):437-448.
[8] Deng L, Yan W M, Zhang Y W, et al. Severe depletion of soil moisture following land-use changes for ecological restoration:Evidence from northern China[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2016, 366:1-10.
[9] 程积民, 万惠娥. 中国黄土高原植被建设与水土保持[M]. 北京:中国林业出版社, 2002. Cheng Jimin, Wan Hui'e. Vegetation construction and soil and water conservation in Chinese Loess Plateau[M]. Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House, 2002.
[10] 王晗生, 杜正科. 黄土高原植被建设及其有关问题思考[J]. 西北农业学报, 2004, 13(3):135-142. Wang Hansheng, Du Zhengke. Thinking of vegetation construction and related problems in the Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Northwest Agriculture, 2004, 13(3):135-142.
[11] 李勇, 梁娟, 刘彤. 陕北:铺展"绿飘带"缠上"红腰带"[EB/OL]. (2013-09-06). http://www.sxdaily.com.cn/n/2013/0906/c266-5222472-2.html. Li Yong, Liang Juan, Liu Tong. Northern Shaanxi:Spread "green belt" around "red belt"[EB/OL]. (2013-09-06). http://www.sxdaily.com.cn/n/2013/0906/c266-5222472-2.html.
[12] 胡丹. 大荔县冬枣产业发展现状及问题分析[J]. 农村经济与科技, 2017, 28(24):109-110. Hu Dan. Analysis on development status and problems of winter jujube industry in Dali County[J]. Rural Economy and Technology, 2017, 28(24):109-110.
