共享经济是近年来在中国蓬勃发展的一种新型经济模式，共享单车作为一种成功的产品，一方面极大地方便了都市人群的出行，解决了最后一公里的出行难题，但在另外一方面也带来诸如产能过剩，管理混乱等问题。本文针对共享单车，研究其全生命周期的碳排放量和使用情况，得到1辆单车抵消其能源消耗的最短使用时长。结果表明，北京拥有近350万辆共享单车，在当前每辆单车1天被使用1次，1次行驶里程为2.1 km的情况下，每辆单车至少使用625天，才能实现真正意义上的"零碳排"和"绿色出行"；目前北京将承担因共享单车过量投放带来的巨大环境风险。全生命周期碳排放核算成为基于环境角度制定合理的共享经济产品数量管控值的重要手段。
The sharing economy is a new economic phenomenon. A shared product, the sharing bicycles, greatly facilitates the travel of urban people and solves the travel problem of the last mile, but on the other hand, it also brings about problems such as the overcapacity of bicycles and the poor management. In this paper, we study the carbon emissions and the usage of the whole life cycle for shared bicycles, to come to the concept of the shortest use time for a bicycle to offset its energy consumption. Beijing has nearly 3.5 million shared bicycles. In the current situation where each bicycle is used for 2.1 km/d, each bicycle should be used for at least 625 days to achieve a true zero carbon row and green travel. At present, Beijing will bear huge environmental risks caused by the excessive delivery of shared bicycles. Based on the environmental perspective, the carbon emission accounting of the whole life cycle becomes an important means to establish a reasonable control value of the shared product quantity. This study will provide a basis and a method for managing the sharing of economic products.
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