参考热力学第二定律（熵增原理）剖析了系统工程的本质，分析了对研发活动的不同认识及组织方式，进而揭示出不同组织方式在运行效果方面产生差异的原理。提出了结构化定义和组织研发活动的方法，以元文件体系和集成文件体系的形式说明系统工程在工程实践中的实施。

This article, referring to the entropy increase theory, dissects the nature of system engineering, analyzes the different understanding of research and development activities and organization, reveals the different organization way to produce the principle of difference in terms of running effect. Based on this, a method for structuring and organizing research and development activities is put forward, which is implemented in engineering practice in the form of a meta-file system and an integrated file system.