新时期加强基础科学研究对于深入实施创新驱动发展战略、建设创新型国家和世界科技强国具有重要意义。与建设世界科技强国的要求相比，中国基础科学研究短板依然突出。近来中美贸易摩擦更加引发了社会对中国基础科学研究的关注。中国建设成为科技强国究竟需要怎样的基础科学研究支撑，值得反思。在分析中国基础科学研究主要矛盾发生变化的基础上，结合基础科学研究的新特征，研究认为建设科技强国呼唤高质量地发展基础科学研究，高质量发展基础科学研究需要高水平的政策和管理，特别是需要关注基础科学研究的厚积、交叉互动、人才以及创新文化建设等关键问题。

In the new era, strengthening basic scientific research is of great significance for the in-depth implementation of innovationdriven development strategies and the construction of innovative country and world science and technology power. However, compared with the requirements of building a world science and technology power, China's basic scientific research shortcomings are still outstanding. The recent China-US trade friction has further aroused the society's attention to basic scientific research in China. What kind of basic scientific research China needs to become a technologically powerful country is worthy of reflection. On the basis of analyzing the changes in the main contradictions of basic research in our country and combined with the new characteristics of basic research, this study argues that building a strong country of science and technology calls for high-quality basic research. High-quality basic research development requires high-level policies and management, especially paying attention to the basic research, the cross-interactions, the talent, and the culture of innovation.