专题:纳米生物医学

分子元素与功能核酸分子

  • 谭燕 ,
  • 李颖颖 ,
  • 玄文静 ,
  • 王若文 ,
  • 王雪强 ,
  • 谭蔚泓
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  • 1. 湖南大学化学化工学院分子科学与生物医学实验室, 化学生物传感与计量学国家重点实验室, 长沙 410082;
    2. 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院分子医学研究院, 上海 200127
谭燕,博士研究生,研究方向为核酸分子靶向治疗,电子信箱:nanfeiyan@hnu.edu.cn;李颖颖(共同第一作者),博士研究生,研究方向为核酸适体,电子信箱:yingyingli@hnu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2018-07-19

  修回日期: 2018-09-26

  网络出版日期: 2018-12-14

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(81602499)

Molecular element and functionalized nucleic acid

  • TAN Yan ,
  • LI Yingying ,
  • XUAN Wenjing ,
  • WANG Ruowen ,
  • WANG Xueqiang ,
  • TAN Weihong
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  • 1. Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University;State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio Sensing and Chemometrics, Changsha 410082, China;
    2. Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China

Received date: 2018-07-19

  Revised date: 2018-09-26

  Online published: 2018-12-14

摘要

介绍了"分子元素"概念。论述了核酸适体的筛选及其作为大分子药物的应用价值,概述了人工碱基的合成及进展;探讨了脱氧核酶的作用原理,分析了分子信标、分子马达在生物传感、生物合成、生物药物研究等方面的应用前景,展望了核酸分子研究领域的前景及面临的挑战。

本文引用格式

谭燕 , 李颖颖 , 玄文静 , 王若文 , 王雪强 , 谭蔚泓 . 分子元素与功能核酸分子[J]. 科技导报, 2018 , 36(22) : 54 -65 . DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.22.004

Abstract

We put forward an influential concept of "molecular elements" to appreciate the composition of nucleic acids from a new perspective. The nucleic acids that exhibit different functions are designed based on the functional requirement. They are constructed by phosphodiester bonds formation from various "molecular elements" that have different bases, thus achieving a variety of functions such as specific molecular recognition, catalysis, and intelligent response. In this article we present an overview of representative research results of our laboratory upon functional nucleic acid molecules, including the screening and application of nucleic acid aptamers as macromolecular medicine; the synthesis and evolution of artificial bases; the mechanism of DNAzymes; molecular beacons, molecular motors and their applications in biosensing, biosynthesis, biopharmaceutical research. Moreover, we discuss the challenges and future research directions in the field of functionalized nucleic acid.

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