现代中医研究是一个“从临床到实验室”，再从实验室回归临床的循环。作为中医体系一大分支“针刺”，深入研究的前提即是其相对明确的疗效。通过梳理“针刺治疗便秘”的成功案例研究，结合临床科研经验，分析了现代针刺的研究思路。中医疗效来源于大量临床经验，因此临床疗效观察大多作为针刺临床科研第一步，初步观察其疗效及安全性。在此基础上，可通过随机对照试验进行穴方优化选择，得到疗效最好，临床最容易操作的规范化治疗方案。进一步采用与安慰剂对照的优效性随机对照试验证明针刺的净治疗效应；针对不同类型疾病，可选择与“金标准治疗”对照的非劣效性随机对照试验，以明确针刺的临床应用价值。
The research of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a circle that starts from ‘bed to bench’ then comes back from bench to bed. As a branch of TCM, acupuncture needs to be studied further. In this paper we explore the clinical research of acupuncture through discussing a series trials of acupuncture for constipation. We perform bservational studies as the first step for acupuncture to preliminarily observe its efficacy and safety. Based on the observational study, we carry out randomized controlled trial (RCT) to select the optimal prescription of acupoints, and obtain an acupuncture regimen with the best efficacy and easiest manipulation. Afterwards, we implement a superiority RCT to clarify the therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture by comparing it with placebo needle. Finally, we conduct a non-inferior RCT to explore the clinical application value of acupuncture by comparing it with the ‘gold standard’ if needed.
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