自春秋战国至今，针灸学的发展总体上可以划分为传统针灸学体系、现代针灸学体系和后现代针灸学体系，论述了这3个体系的形成和发展以及与所处时代的多学科研究关联。分析表明，《内经》成书时代盛行的是道家的术数学、阴阳五行学说、天人相应理论，传统针灸学体系中，许多关键问题都是运用术数学、阴阳五行学说、天人相应来解释的；现代针灸学体系则是对针灸疗法进行解剖学角度的、生理学角度的、生物化学与分子生物学角度的、神经生物学角度的多学科研究的结果，关于经络问题的研究，涉及的学科领域则更为广泛；后现代针灸学可以理解为系统针灸学，是在反思现代科学的还原论缺陷基础上，运用系统科学的理论和方法对针灸学进行的研究，也是多学科研究的一个过程。未来针灸学的创新和发展仍然需要多学科的研究。
Since the Spring Autumn and Warring States Period, acupuncture and moxibustion has expieerneced an evolution of three systems:system of traditional acupuncture and moxibustion, system of modern acupuncture and moxibustion, and system of post-modern acupuncture and moxibustion, with each system being closely related to multi-disciplinary research in its times. Modern acupuncture and moxibustion is the result of multi-disciplinary researches on the therapy of anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology and neurobiology, while meridian study involves a wider range of disciplines. Post-modern acupuncture and moxibustion can be understood as systematic acupuncture and moxibustion, which through multi-disciplinary research introspects the deficiency of reductionism in modern science and applies systematic science to acupuncture and moxibustion science. New innovation of acupuncture and moxibustion resolutely needs multi-disciplinary research.
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