干旱对河北省张家口地区农业生产具有重大不利影响，典型干旱年份导致了严重的经济损失。基于张家口地区14个气象站1965—2018年的气象观测资料，采用标准化降水指数（SPI）和数理统计方法，分析了张家口地区季节干旱的时空变化特征。结果表明：影响农业生产显著的夏季干旱呈显著增加趋势，特别是20世纪90年代以来，干旱持续时间较长，空间范围较大；春秋季干旱出现减轻趋势，21世纪以来干旱相对偏轻；冬季干旱没有显著的变化趋势。因此，应重点加强对夏季干旱的防御管理。
Drought hazards have a great adverse effect on the agricultural production in Zhangjiakou. Based on the meteorological data of 14 weather stations from 1965 to 2018, the temporal-spatial characteristics of the seasonal drought variations in Zhangjiakou region are analyzed by the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the statistic methods. It is shown that the summer drought sees a significant increasing trend, with a long time duration and in a large space, especially after the 1990s. But the spring and autumn drought sees a decreasing trend, and becomes weak in the 21st century. And the winter drought sees no significant variation. It is imperative to strengthen the management for the summer drought.
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