Based on PB-LCA method, taking typical hot summer and cold winter areas of Hunan province as an example, this paper sets up a macro-construction CO2 footprint model at the provincial level, quantitatively measures and compares CO2 footprints and their changes in each stage of the construction during 2004-2016, and uses geographical detector technology to analyze the influence mechanism of construction CO2 footprint. Main conclusion is as follows. The construction CO2 footprint was the trend of the overall fluctuating growth; building materials preparation and construction operations were the two major stages of the construction CO2 footprint, while the CO2 footprint of construction and construction demolition stage was relatively small; the CO2 footprint of building materials preparation stage mainly came from steel and cement, and the CO2 footprint of public buildings was on the rise. But the CO2 footprint of residential buildings had a tendency of fluctuating drop. The construction development degree, energy structure and tertiary industry proportion were the three main influencing factors of construction CO 2 footprint. Thus, reducing consumption of building materials, especially steel and cement, reducing the proportion of coal consumption during construction and construction operation, and implementing limits of energy consumption and CO2 emission on public buildings are the main technical directions of energy-saving and CO2 reduction in construction.
[1] UN Report:Promoting energy conservation in buildings is expected to significantly reduce carbon emissions[EB/OL].[2009-12-11]. http://www.un.org/chinese/News/story.asp?newsID=12675.
[2] 高源, 余泞秀, 刘丛红.城市建筑生命周期碳排放核算模型构建与应用[J]. 建筑节能, 2014, 42(10):75-79. Gao Yuan, Yu Ningxiu, Liu Conghong. Development and application of urban buildings' CO2 accounting model[J]. Building Energy Efficiency, 2014, 42(10):75-79.
[3] Mckinsey and Company. China's green revolution[R]. USA:Mckinsey &Compan, 2009.
[4] 鞠颖, 陈易. 全生命周期理论下的建筑碳排放计算方法研究:基于1997-2013年间CNKI的国内文献统计分析[J]. 住宅科技, 2014(5):32-37. Ju Ying, Chen Yi. Research on the building carbon emission calculation method in compliance with the theory of full life cycle:Based upon statistical analysis of CNKI's domestic literature dated between 1997-2013[J]. Housing Science, 2014(5):32-37.
[5] Monahan J, Powell J C. A comparison of the energy and carbon implications of new systems of energy provision in new build housing in the UK[J]. Energy Policy, 2011, 39(1):290-298.
[6] 张智慧, 尚春静, 钱坤. 建筑生命周期碳排放评价[J]. 建筑经济, 2010(2):44-46. Zhang Zhihui, Shang ChunJing, Qian kun. The life cycle assessment on carbon emission of building construction economics, 2010(2):44-46.
[7] 张磊, 黄一如, 黄欣. 基于标准计算平台的建筑生命周期碳评价[J]. 华中建筑, 2012(6):32-34. Zhang Lei, Huang Yiru, Huang Xin. Assessment of building life cycle carbon emission based on standard calculation platform[J]. Huazhong Architecture, 2012(6):32-34.
[8] Blengini G A, Carlo T D. The changing role of life cycle phases,subsystems and materials in LCA of low energy building[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2010, 42(6):869-880.
[9] 杨艳芳, 李慧凤, 郑海霞. 北京市建筑碳排放影响因素研究[J]. 生态经济, 2016, 32(1):72-75. Yang Yanfang, LI Huifeng, Zheng Haixia. Research on factors of Beijing's building carbon emissions[J]. Ecological Economy, 2016, 32(1):72-75.
[10] 陈伟珂, 罗方. 基于全生命周期理论的建筑能耗问题研究[J]. 建筑科学, 2008, 24(10):23-28. Chen Weike, Luo Fang. Research on building energy consumption based on whole life cycle theory[J]. Building Science, 2008, 24(10):23-28.
[11] 林波荣, 刘念雄, 彭渤, 等. 国际建筑生命周期能耗和CO2排放比较研究[J]. 建筑科学, 2013, 29(8):22-27. Lin Borong, Liu Nianxiong, Peng Bo, et al. Comparative study on energy consumption and CO2 emission in international building life cycle[J]. Building Science, 2013, 29(8):22-27.
[12] 周燕, 龚光彩. 基于分析和生命周期评价的既有建筑围护结构节能改造[J]. 科技导报, 2010, 28(23):99-103. Zhou Yan, Gong Guangcai. Exergy analysis of the building envelope energy efficiency retrofit based on the life cycle assessment[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2010, 28(23):99-103.
[13] 刘兵, 祁神军, 张云波, 等. 夏热冬暖地区建筑生命周期碳排放及减排策略研究[J]. 建筑经济, 2016, 37(1):84-87. Liu Bing, Qi Shenjun,Zhang Yunbo, et al. Study on carbon emission and emission reduction strategies of buildings life cycle in hot summer and warm winter zone[J]. Construction Economics, 2016, 37(1):84-87.
[14] 王松庆, 王威, 张旭. 基于生命周期理论的严寒地区居住建筑能耗计算和分析[J]. 建筑科学, 2008, 24(4):58-61. Wang Songqing, Wang Wei, Zhang Xu. Calculation and analysis on energy consumption of residential buildings in severe cold region based on life cycle theory[J]. Building Science, 2008, 24(4):58-61.
[15] Utama A, Gheewala S H. Life cycle energy of single landed houses in Indonesia[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2008, 40(10):1911-1916.
[16] 刘立秋, 马家军, 孙鹏程. 基于投入产出方法的中国建筑业完全能耗影响因素分析[J]. 电子科技大学学报(社科版), 2015, 17(2):41-45. Liu Liqiu, Ma Jiajun, Sun Pengcheng. Analysis of influencing factors on the complete energy consumption of construction industry based on input-output analysis[J]. Journal of Social Sciences Edition, 2015, 17(2):41-45.
[17] 刘秀丽, 汪寿阳, 杨翠红, 等. 基于投入产出分析的建筑节能经济——环境影响测算模型的研究和应用[J]. 系统科学与数学, 2010, 30(1):12-21. Liu Xiuli, Wang Shouyang, Yang Cuihong. Model based on input-output analysis to measure the impact of buiding energy efficency[J]. Journal of Systems Science and Mathematical Sciences, 2010, 30(1):12-21.
[18] 李祥立, 任志勇, 端木琳. 区域建筑能源系统生命周期能耗及碳排放量的测算模型[J]. 建筑科学, 2014, 30(4):15-20. Li Xiangli, Ren Zhiyong, Duan Mulin. Measurement and counting model on life-cycle energy consumption and carbon emission of regional building energy system[J]. Building Science, 2014, 30(4):15-20.
[19] 张涛, 姜裕华, 黄有亮, 等. 建筑中常用的能源与材料的碳排放因子[J]. 中国建设信息化, 2010(23):58-59. Zhang Tao, Jiang Yu Hua, Huang Youliang, et al. Carbon emission factors for energy and materials commonly used in buildings[J]. Informatization of China Construction, 2010(23):58-59.
[20] 李兆坚. 我国城镇住宅空调生命周期能耗与资源消耗研究[D]. 北京:清华大学, 2007. Li Zhaojian. Study on the life cycle consumption of energy and resource of air conditioning in urban residential buildings in China[D]. Beijing:Tsinghua University, 2007.
[21] 诸大建, 陈飞. 上海建设低碳经济型城市的研究[M]. 上海:同济大学出版社, 2010. Zhu Dajian, Chen Fei. Study on the construction of low carbon economy city in Shanghai[M]. Shanghai:Tongji University Press, 2010.
[22] Wu R N, Zhang J Q, Bao Y H, et al. Geographical detector model for influencing factors of industrial sector carbon dioxide emissions in Inner Mongolia, China[J]. Sustainability, 2016, 8(2):149-160.
[23] 王劲峰, 徐成东. 地理探测器:原理与展望[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(10):116-134. Wang Jinfeng, Xu Chengdong. Geodetector:Principle and prospective[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017, 72(1):116-134.
[24] Wang J F, Li X H, Christakos G, et al. Geographical detectors-based health risk assessment and its application in the neural tube defects study of the He shun Region, China[J]. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 2010, 24(1):107-127.
