通过对中国防控新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情相关情况的观察和反思，提出了疫病防控决策须考虑的主要问题，认为疫病防控应有可传染性思维、流行病学思维、成本-效果思维、爱心抗疫思维、疫期法治思维等5种思维，主张建立疫情早期防控和失控阶段防控两套标准，以期辅助科学决策、理性施策，有效减轻疫情发展及防控带来的生命财产和经济社会损失。

Through the observation and the reflection on the situation related to the prevention and the control of the new crown virus infection in Wuhan, this paper suggests that some important problems should be considered in the decision-making of the epidemic disease prevention and control, and the philosophy behind the prevention and the control of the infectious diseases in five aspects, including the infectivity, the epidemiology, the cost-effective, the compassion and the rule of law. It is proposed to establish two sets of standards for the early prevention and control and in the stage of the epidemic out of control, accordingly, in order to assist the scientific decision-making and the rational measures to effectively reduce the damage to life and property and economic and social losses caused by the epidemic situation.