分析了“一带一路”沿线国家在信息共享与减灾合作机制、防灾减灾能力与基础、灾害机理与防灾减灾技术研发、灾害风险评估与防控方面的现状和存在的问题，提出了“一带一路”防灾减灾国际合作对策建议：构建包容、共享、高效、科学的“一带一路”防灾减灾国际合作机制；推进“一带一路”防灾减灾行动计划，提高沿线国家防灾减灾能力；构建“一带一路”重大工程灾害风险防控机制与模式，巩固“一带一路”建设成效；建设“一带一路”防灾减灾科技创新平台，提升沿线国家减灾科技能力；设立“一带一路”防灾减灾人才计划，持续提供“一带一路”智力支撑。

Challenging effects of the disaster prevention and mitigation on the Belt and Road Initiative are analyzed in this paper, including the information sharing and the cooperation mechanisms for disaster reduction, disaster formation mechanism and research and development of disaster control technology, and disaster risk assessment. The reduction of the major disaster risk becomes an imperative requirement in the Belt and Road regions. Many improvements have been made, for instance, in scientific research and capacity of disaster prevention and mitigation, in cooperation in disaster reduction among Belt and Road countries, in comprehensive risk prevention awareness and ability, and in professional talent cultivation. An international collaboration platform of inclusive, sharing, efficient and scientific disaster prevention and mitigation need to be established. Some countermeasures are put forward with respect to the international cooperation in the disaster control, such as improving the disaster prevention and mitigation capacity, the establishment mechanism and pattern, and creating scientific and technological innovation platform. These suggestions and advices concern the intellectual support in the disaster prevention and mitigation in the Belt and Road areas.