海洋可再生能源是解决能源短缺与环境污染问题的重要方案之一，也是进行深远海开发、海岛建设及国防建设的重要支撑。在众多海洋可再生能源中，波浪能具有品质好、易利用、能流密度较大、分布广泛等优势，因此被广泛研究应用。为全面了解海洋波浪能研究进展，准确把握海洋波浪能发展趋势，以各种型式波浪能发电装置为出发点，综述了海洋波浪能研究进展，介绍了波浪能发电装置的工作原理、主要类型、技术、工程实例。研究发现，波浪能发电装置的技术类型未达到收敛，当前目标主要在于研发高效率、高可靠性及高可维护性的发电装置。波浪能发电装置发展趋势为以大型化及阵列化为基础进行商业化开发。
The renewable marine energy provides a solution to the shortage of fossil fuels and the global warming issues. And it serves as an important foundation for the development of the deep sea, the island, and the national defense. Among the various types of the marine energies, the wave energy enjoys its advantages of good quality, easy utilization, high energy flux density, and wide distribution. The wave energy is widely studied and applied. The wave energy device is now a quite mature technology, with diverse forms. In this review of the research development of the marine wave energy, the wave energy devices are classified, and the current research status and development of wave energy are summarized and evaluated. The working principle, the technology, the engineering examples and the development trend of the wave energy utilization devices are analyzed. It is shown that the technique of the wave energy devices has not yet reached the mature state. A device with high efficiency, stability and maintainability is the prime aim. In the development of the wave energy devices, the commercial development on the basis of a large-scale and arrayed layout should be a focus.
[1] Thorpe T W. A brief review of wave energy[M]. London:Harwell Laboratory, Energy Technology Support Unit, 1999.
[2] Clement A, McCullen P, Falcao A, et al. Wave energy in Europe:Current status and perspectives[J]. Renewable and Sustainalbe Energy Reviews, 2002, 6(5):405-431.
[3] Salter S H. Wave power[J]. Nature, 1974, 249(5459):720-724.
[4] Leishman J M, Scobie G. The development of wave power:A techno-economic study[R]. East Kilbride, Scotland:National Engineering Laboratory, 1976.
[5] Stahl A. The utilization of the power of ocean waves[J]. Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1892, 13:438-506.
[6] Brooke J. Wave energy conversion[M]. Amsterdam:Elsevier, 2003.
[7] Arthur P, Jens P K. Handbook of ocean wave energy[M]. Cham, Switzerland:Springer International Publishing, 2017.
[8] Babarit A. A database of capture width ratio of wave energy converters[J]. Renewable Energy, 2015, 80:610-628
[9] Falcão A, Henriques J. Oscillating-water-column wave energy converters and air turbines:A review[J]. Renewable Energy, 2016, 85:1391-1424.
[10] Mutriku wave power plant[EB/OL].[2020-11-06]. https://tethys.pnnl.gov/project-sites/mutriku-wave-power-plant.
[11] The LEANCON wave energy device[EB/OL].[2014-09-27]. http://www.leancon.com.
[12] Wave dragon[EB/OL].[2003-02-10]. http://www.wavedragon.net.
[13] Falcao A. Wave energy utilization:A review of the technologies[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2010, 14:899-918.
[14] Lehmann M, Karimpour F, Goudey C A, et al. Ocean wave energy in the United States:Current status and future perspectives[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017, 74:1300-1313.
[15] Aquamarine power[EB/OL].[2020-12-22]. http://www.emec.org.uk/about-us/wave-clients/aquamarine-power.
[16] Wavestar[EB/OL].[2004-03-16]. http://wavestarenergy.com.
[17] Demenstration of a 1-MW wave energy converter integrated in an offshore wind turbine farm[EB/OL].[2016-05-02]. https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/691799.
[18] Weptos[EB/OL].[2019-03-18]. http://www.weptos.com/.
[19] 刘臻, 史宏达, 刘娅君, 等. 沉箱防波堤兼作振荡水柱波能发电装置的设计与研究[C]//第二届全国海洋能学术研讨会论文集. 哈尔滨:中国可再生能源学会海洋能专业委员会, 2009:9-15.
[20] 王淇. 一种新型浮式风浪能混合利用系统概念设计与性能分析[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学, 2016.
